{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T13:49:10Z","timestamp":1780580950226,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,11]],"date-time":"2018-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012317","name":"NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012317","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"Aim<\/jats:title>Optic neuritis may be monophasic or occur as part of a relapsing demyelinating syndrome (RDS<\/jats:styled-content>), such as multiple sclerosis, aquaporin\u20104 antibody (AQP<\/jats:styled-content>4\u2010Ab) neuromyelitis optical spectrum disorder (NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>), or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Ab)\u2010associated disease. The aims of this study were to test whether clinical, electrophysiological, and microstructural parameters differ in multiple\u2010sclerosis\u2010associated optic neuritis (MS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010ON<\/jats:styled-content>) and antibody\u2010associated optic neuritis (Ab\u2010ON<\/jats:styled-content>); to identify the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of children suffering worse long\u2010term visual outcome of RDS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010optic neuritis; and to explore the relationship between RNFL<\/jats:styled-content> thickness and clinical parameters in RDS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010optic neuritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Method<\/jats:title>Forty\u2010two children with optic neuritis were retrospectively studied: 22 with multiple sclerosis (MS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010ON<\/jats:styled-content>) and 20 with antibody\u2010associated demyelination (Ab\u2010ON<\/jats:styled-content>: MOG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Ab=16 and AQP<\/jats:styled-content>4\u2010Ab=4). Clinical and paraclinical features were analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Complete recovery of visual acuity was reported in 25 out of 42 children; eight out of 38 (21%) suffered moderate or severe visual impairment (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR<\/jats:styled-content>]>0.5) in their worse eye, including four out of 38 who were blind (logMAR<\/jats:styled-content>>1.3) in their worse eye (two with multiple sclerosis, two with AQP<\/jats:styled-content>4\u2010Ab NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>). None of the children with MOG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Ab were blind. Recurrence of optic neuritis was more common in the Ab\u2010ON<\/jats:styled-content> group than the MS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010ON<\/jats:styled-content> group (15 out of 20 vs seven out of 22, p<\/jats:italic>=0.007). Retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL<\/jats:styled-content>) thickness at baseline inversely correlated with visual acuity at final follow\u2010up (r<\/jats:italic>=\u22120.41, p<\/jats:italic>=0.008). There was no significant relationship between the number of episodes of optic neuritis and mean RNFL<\/jats:styled-content> (r<\/jats:italic>=\u22120.08, p<\/jats:italic>=0.628), nor any significant relationship between the number of episodes of optic neuritis and visual impairment (r<\/jats:italic>=0.03, p<\/jats:italic>=0.794).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Interpretation<\/jats:title>In children with RDS<\/jats:styled-content>, long\u2010term visual impairment inversely correlated with RNFL<\/jats:styled-content> thickness, but not with the number of relapses of optic neuritis. Optical coherence tomography may have a role in assessing children with optic neuritis to monitor disease activity and inform treatment decisions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>What this paper adds<\/jats:title>\n\n\nLong\u2010term visual impairment is reported in 40% of children with a relapsing demyelinating syndrome following optic neuritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\nRelapse of optic neuritis, occurring more frequently in the non\u2010multiple\u2010sclerosis group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\nRetinal nerve fibre layer thinning is associated with worse visual outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\nOptical coherence tomography can be used alongside clinical parameters as an objective measure of neuroretinal loss.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,11]],"date-time":"2018-04-11T11:31:55Z","timestamp":1523446315000},"page":"1244-1250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Retinal nerve fibre layer thinning is associated with worse visual outcome after optic neuritis in children with a relapsing demyelinating syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6704-5727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Eyre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurology Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aasim","family":"Hameed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Clinical and Academic Department of Ophthalmology Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukhvir","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurology Birmingham Children's Hospital Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wallace","family":"Brownlee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurology Birmingham Children's Hospital Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Ciccarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroinflammation Queen Square MS Centre UCL Institute of Neurology London UK"},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research UCL Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre London 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