{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T03:07:46Z","timestamp":1780628866204,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]],"date-time":"2018-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to study tuberous sclerosis\u2010associated neuropsychiatric disorders (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAND<\/jats:styled-content>) in children and adolescents with tuberous sclerosis complex (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSC<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective and prospective cohort study conducted at a Paediatric Neurology Unit of an Italian Tertiary Care Hospital. Clinical and neuroimaging data were reviewed. Scores for neurological and epilepsy outcomes (Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, Paediatric Version and Early Childhood Epilepsy Severity Scale modified), semi\u2010structured interviews (authorized Italian version of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAND<\/jats:styled-content> checklist and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales) and questionnaires (Child Behavior Checklist [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBCL<\/jats:styled-content>]) were applied at last follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010two patients with TSC (age range 1\u201319y) were enrolled. Eighty\u2010eight per cent had at least one <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAND<\/jats:styled-content> and 47% had intellectual disability. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAND<\/jats:styled-content> checklist showed internalizing problems in 25.8% of cases (vs 41.9% by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBCL<\/jats:styled-content>), and externalizing problems in 41.9% (vs 9.7% by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBCL<\/jats:styled-content>). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAND<\/jats:styled-content> prevailed in patients with de novo mutation of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSC<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic>, high tuber load, and severe neurological and epilepsy outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our cohort, 78% of patients had more than four <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAND<\/jats:styled-content> behavioural problems; nevertheless, they did not show a constant and specific neuropsychiatric profile. Clinical, neurophysiological, and neuroradiological features were associated with several <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAND<\/jats:styled-content>. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAND<\/jats:styled-content> checklist appeared more effective than the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBCL<\/jats:styled-content>, particularly in detecting externalizing problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The Tuberous sclerosis\u2010associated neuropsychiatric disorders (TAND) checklist is an effective tool for TAND screening.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The TAND checklist helps define psychopathological and neuropsychiatric aspects in paediatric patients with Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>TAND were found in 88% of patients with TSC, whilst 78% had more than four TAND.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>TAND distribution depends on different clinical and neuroradiological features.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]],"date-time":"2018-10-09T10:32:17Z","timestamp":1539081137000},"page":"168-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Tuberous sclerosis\u2010associated neuropsychiatric disorders: a paediatric cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0006-3381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Toldo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health University Hospital of Padua Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Brasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health University Hospital of Padua Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Miscioscia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health University Hospital of Padua Padua Italy"},{"name":"Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization University of Padua Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Federica","family":"Pelizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health University Hospital of Padua Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5130-3971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renzo","family":"Manara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit University of Salerno Salerno Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Sartori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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