{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:43:24Z","timestamp":1791315804777,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,25]],"date-time":"2019-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SSPE<\/jats:styled-content>) is a preventable condition reported in 6.5 to 11 per 100\u00a0000 cases of measles, and highest in children who contracted measles infection when they were less than 5\u00a0years of age. Children residing in areas with poor vaccination coverage and high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus are at increased risk of developing<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SSPE<\/jats:styled-content>.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SSPE<\/jats:styled-content>is life\u2010threatening in most affected children. This report documents current data relating to the clinical phenotype, epidemiology, and understanding of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SSPE<\/jats:styled-content>, inclusive of preventive interventions. While improvements in disease progression with immunomodulation may occur, overall there is no cure. Most therapies focus on supportive needs. Seizures and abnormal movements may respond to carbamazepine. Many countries advocate policies to enhance vaccination coverage. Effective preventive health care programmes, assurance of parental perceptions, and crisis support for unprecedented events obstructing effective primary health care are needed. Until measles is eradicated worldwide, children in all regions remain at risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"><jats:list-item><jats:p>Measles contracted under 5\u00a0years of age has highest risk of developing subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>Children with, or exposed to, human immunodeficiency virus infection, who contract measles may be at increased risk of SSPE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,25]],"date-time":"2019-01-25T09:46:07Z","timestamp":1548409567000},"page":"1139-1144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: clinical phenotype, epidemiology, and preventive interventions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Mekki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Neurology Division Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Neuroscience Institute Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Eley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Faculty of Health Sciences Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Hardie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Virology Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"National Health Laboratory Service Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7328-1796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo M","family":"Wilmshurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Neurology Division Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Neuroscience Institute Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Measles vaccines: WHO position paper April 2017 \u2013 recommendations.Vaccine. pii: S0264\u2010410X(17)30974\u2010X.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.07.066. 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