{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T13:04:31Z","timestamp":1789650271832,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,13]],"date-time":"2019-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kiwanis Neuroscience Research Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine associations between camp\u2010based intervention dosage and changes in independence\u2010related skills for young people with spina bifida.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were 110 individuals (mean age [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>] 14y 7mo [6y 1mo], range 6\u201332y; 66 females, 54 males) who attended a summer camp for individuals with spina bifida between 2 to 6 times (mean 2.40; operationalized as \u2018dosage\u2019). Parents of young campers (e.g. those &lt;18y) also participated in data collection. Campers and\/or parents completed preintervention measures assessing campers\u2019 level of medical responsibility, mastery over medical tasks, and social skills. Outcomes included change in preintervention scores from dose 1 to final dose.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hierarchical regression analyses with and without covariates (age, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQ<\/jats:styled-content>, and lesion level at dose 1) revealed that increased dosage was significantly associated with greater parent\u2010reported improvements in campers\u2019 medical responsibility and mastery over medical tasks. Increased dosage was also significantly associated with camper\u2010report of increased medical responsibility, but this relationship was no longer significant when including covariates. Intervention dosage was not associated with changes in campers\u2019 social skills.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Repeated participation in a camp\u2010based intervention was associated with improvements in condition\u2010related independence. Future work may focus on the development of interventions to promote improvements in social skills for young people with spina bifida.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Participating in an intervention over multiple summers is associated with increases in campers\u2019 responsibility for spina bifida\u2010related tasks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Repeated summer camp intervention participation is associated with improved mastery over condition\u2010related tasks for campers with spina bifida.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Repeated camp intervention participation is not associated with changes in social skills for campers with spina bifida.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,13]],"date-time":"2019-04-13T09:21:24Z","timestamp":1555147284000},"page":"1392-1399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Camp\u2010based psychosocial intervention dosage and changes in independence in young people with spina bifida"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5797-9024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colleen F Bechtel","family":"Driscoll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Department Loyola University Chicago Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin B","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development Seattle Children's Research Institute Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina E","family":"Holbein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colleen","family":"Stiles\u2010Shields","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Department Loyola University Chicago Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina","family":"Cuevas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Department Loyola University Chicago Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grayson N","family":"Holmbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Department Loyola University Chicago Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"National Birth Defects Prevention Network.Prevalence of spina bifida and anencephaly before and after folic acid fortification NBDPN Neural Tube Defect Ascertainment Project; 1995\u20132006 [Internet]. 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