{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:25:40Z","timestamp":1792653940543,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]],"date-time":"2020-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare short\u2010term outcomes between conus medullaris (conus) and cauda equina (cauda) selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) techniques in children with spastic cerebral palsy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective review of SDR at a single center from 2013 to 2017. Gait and functional outcome measures were assessed at no more than 18\u00a0months pre\u2010SDR (baseline) and 8 to 36\u00a0months post\u2010SDR (follow\u2010up). Transient complications during inpatient stay were quantified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 21 and 59 children underwent conus and cauda SDR respectively. Ashworth Scale scores were nearly normalized at follow\u2010up. Most physical examination and functional measures exhibited similar baseline to follow\u2010up responses for both groups. From baseline to follow\u2010up, sagittal plane knee kinematics for both groups significantly improved (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01) by 11\u00b0 at initial contact, 9\u00b0 to 10\u00b0 in stance phase, and 4\u00b0 in swing phase. Sagittal plane ankle kinematics improved more for the cauda group than the conus group in both stance phase (10\u00b0 vs 2\u00b0, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01) and swing phase (13\u00b0 vs 3\u00b0, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01). Post\u2010surgical complications were similar between groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Conus and cauda SDR techniques resulted in similar short\u2010term outcomes except in ankle kinematics at follow\u2010up. The cauda group exhibited a large improvement towards dorsiflexion, while there was residual equinus in the conus group despite Ashworth Scale scores normalizing equally in both groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Conus and cauda selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) resulted in mostly similar short\u2010term gait and functional outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Conus SDR resulted in residual equinus dynamically, despite normalized spasticity measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Post\u2010surgical complications were mostly similar between SDR techniques.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T05:55:07Z","timestamp":1603691707000},"page":"336-342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Comparing short\u2010term outcomes between conus medullaris and cauda equina surgical techniques of selective dorsal rhizotomy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5072-8644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth A","family":"Duffy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gait and Motion Analysis Gillette Children\u2019s Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7041-3319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander L","family":"Hornung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gait and Motion Analysis Gillette Children\u2019s Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1651-4503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian Po\u2010Jung","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gait and Motion Analysis Gillette Children\u2019s Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Minnesota \u2013 Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9859-6572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meghan E","family":"Munger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gait and Motion Analysis Gillette Children\u2019s Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5484-7790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nanette","family":"Aldahondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department Gillette Children\u2019s Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Minnesota \u2013 Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0993-8199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda E","family":"Krach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department Gillette Children\u2019s Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Minnesota \u2013 Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8621-6392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom F","family":"Novacheck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gait and Motion Analysis Gillette Children\u2019s Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Minnesota \u2013 Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3388-7413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael H","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gait and Motion Analysis Gillette Children\u2019s Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Minnesota \u2013 Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2005.00687.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Data and Statistics for Cerebral Palsy [Internet]. Published 9 March 2018.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/cp\/data.html(accessed 13 September 2019)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12268"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Selective posterior rhizotomy for the relief of spasticity in cerebral palsy","volume":"62","author":"Peacock WJ","year":"1982","journal-title":"S Afr Med J Suid\u2010Afr Tydskr Vir Geneeskd"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.12.PEDS19629"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199311000-00026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/1863-2548.12.180123"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Selective dorsal rhizotomy in children: comparison of outcomes after single\u2010level versus multi\u2010level laminectomy technique","volume":"32","author":"Ou C","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can J Neurosci Nurs"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2006.21.2.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.12.187"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000120302"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","volume-title":"The Identification and Treatment of Gait Problems in Cerebral Palsy","author":"Gage JR","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"540","article-title":"Preliminary trial of carisoprodol in multiple sclerosis","volume":"192","author":"Ashworth B","year":"1964","journal-title":"Practitioner"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-200001000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/80.9.873"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.88.6.1020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2002.tb00796.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Effect of selective dorsal rhizotomy in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy","volume":"105","author":"Engsberg JR","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.11.1357"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03196.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.04010.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2014.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2002.tb00254.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-007-0379-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","first-page":"289","article-title":"Surgical treatment of spasticity in cerebral palsy","volume":"4","author":"Fasano VA","year":"1978","journal-title":"Childs Brain"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14320"}],"container-title":["Developmental Medicine &amp; Child Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dmcn.14716","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/dmcn.14716","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dmcn.14716","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T14:58:44Z","timestamp":1693407524000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/dmcn.14716"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/dmcn.14716"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn.14716","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-1622","1469-8749"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-1622","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8749","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}