{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T08:09:01Z","timestamp":1792397341665,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009389","name":"Stiftelsen Promobilia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009389","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008588","name":"Stiftelsen Sunnerdahls Handikappfond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008588","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006741","name":"Stiftelsen Frimurare Barnhuset i Stockholm","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006741","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To follow the functional development of a population\u2010based cohort of children with cerebral palsy (CP) in rural Uganda and compare their development with the developmental trajectories of children from high\u2010income countries (HIC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty\u2010one children (33 females, 48 males) aged 2 to 17\u2009years (mean 8y 6mo, SD 4y 6mo) with CP were initially assessed in 2015 and then 4 years later using the 66\u2010item Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM\u201066), Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, Ugandan version (PEDI\u2010UG), and functional classification systems. We calculated actual and reference scores (level of deviation from the developmental trajectories in HIC). A Wilcoxon signed\u2010rank test was used for statistical analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Children and young people with CP in Uganda exhibited no differences in scores between the first and second assessments for the GMFM\u201066 and PEDI\u2010UG mobility skills, whereas they exhibited increased PEDI\u2010UG social function (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) and self\u2010care skills scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). Reference scores were more negative at the second assessment than at the first for the GMFM\u201066 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.002) and PEDI\u2010UG mobility (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.036) but not for PEDI\u2010UG self\u2010care. The increased difference in reference scores over the 4 years was primarily driven by younger children (2\u20135y) and children with milder impairments.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The increased difference in reference scores between assessments suggests that children with CP in Uganda develop motor skills at a slower rate than peers in HIC. Limited access to health care and rehabilitation likely contributed to the lower scores and slower rate of development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T08:03:52Z","timestamp":1628064232000},"page":"70-79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Functional development in children with cerebral palsy in Uganda: population\u2010based longitudinal cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9928-4423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carin","family":"Andrews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukia","family":"Namaganda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Makerere University School of Public Health Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7527-3810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann\u2010Christin","family":"Eliasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Astrid Lindgren Children\u2019s Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1189-3671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelina","family":"Kakooza\u2010Mwesige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Makerere University Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2069-6618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans","family":"Forssberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Astrid Lindgren Children\u2019s Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.11.1357"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(19)30122-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20070314"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30374-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"1267","article-title":"Cerebral palsy in Al\u2010Quseir City, Egypt: prevalence, subtypes, and risk factors","volume":"10","author":"El\u2010Tallawy HN","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12563"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12562"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2013.805820"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/80.9.873"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03089.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2006.tb01313.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.03996.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","volume-title":"Clinics in Developmental Medicine, Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM\u201066 & GMFM\u201088) Users Manual","author":"Russel DRP","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","unstructured":"HannaSE BartlettDJ RivardLM RusselDJ.Tabulated reference percentiles for the 66\u2010item Gross Motor Function Measure for use with children having cerebral palsy[Internet].Hamilton ON:CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research;2008. 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