{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T01:05:31Z","timestamp":1785459931311,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010172","name":"Rett Syndrome Association of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010172","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004752","name":"State Government of Victoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004752","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003747","name":"Department of Health, State Government of Victoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003747","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1103745"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1103745"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify factors associated with quality of life (QoL) in children with intellectual disability. We aimed to identify patterns of association not observable in previous hypothesis\u2010driven regression modelling using the same data set from a cross\u2010sectional observational study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A questionnaire was completed by 442 caregivers of children with confirmed intellectual disability and a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, or Rett syndrome. The Quality of Life Inventory\u2010Disability (QI\u2010Disability) questionnaire was used to assess child QoL. Independent variables described the child's health, functional abilities, community participation, and sociodemographics. The R package <jats:italic>rpart<\/jats:italic> was used to build the regression trees.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean total QI\u2010Disability score was 69.2 out of a maximum 100. The subgroup with the lowest QoL scores comprised children with a high degree of daytime sleepiness (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=74, mean 57.5) while the subgroup with the highest QoL scores (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=91, mean 80.3) comprised children with little daytime sleepiness who participated more frequently in community activities and displayed good eye contact while listening.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regression tree analysis provides insights into the relative importance of associated factors. Sleep problems and community participation were more important than functional abilities in accounting for differences in QoL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>A hypothesis\u2010free regression tree analysis enables examination of multiple factors potentially influencing quality of life (QoL) in children with intellectual disability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Functional abilities were less strongly associated with QoL than sleep problems and community participation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T21:47:16Z","timestamp":1648158436000},"page":"1145-1155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Modelling quality of life in children with intellectual disability using regression trees"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5092-7697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Jacoby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia  Western Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrina","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Education and Research Monash University  Victoria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3634-7906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinah","family":"Reddihough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Disability and Rehabilitation Research Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6405-5834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen","family":"Leonard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia  Western Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Whitehouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia  Western Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7358-9037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny","family":"Downs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia  Western Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-4222(94)00028-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13668250.2011.624087"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-018-2057-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14657"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12873"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","volume-title":"Classification and regression trees","author":"Breiman L","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016973"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37500"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000000815"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","volume-title":"Disability and Health","author":"International Classification of Functioning","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.1996.00251.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-017-3139-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.04094.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2020.1773945"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2011.01486.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2005.00751.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","unstructured":"TherneauTM AtkinsonEJ. 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