{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T16:45:43Z","timestamp":1772815543943,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]],"date-time":"2022-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the prevalence and prognostic value of \u2018low\u2010normal\u2019 motor skills in infants at high\u2010risk for poor developmental outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infants born extremely low\u2010birthweight and extremely preterm discharged from neonatal intensive care between 2015 and 2018 completed the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), Neuro\u2010Sensory Motor Developmental Assessment (NSMDA) at corrected age 4, 8, and 12\u2009months, and Griffiths Mental Development Scale at corrected age 12\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participating infants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0191) with a mean gestational age (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 26.80\u2009weeks (26.60, 27.1) and mean birthweight (95% CI) of 869 grams (843, 895) included 45 (23.80%) infants small for gestational age. AIMS rated 50.32%, 35.37%, and 14.86% of infants within the \u2018low\u2010normal\u2019 motor skills range (1\u20132 SD below the mean for age) at 4, 8, and 12\u2009months respectively. Of the infants within the AIMS \u2018low\u2010normal\u2019 skills range, 55.70%, 88.46%, and 59.10% were classified as having impairment by NSMDA at 4, 8, and 12\u2009months respectively. Griffiths assessment at 12\u2009months identified only 7.33% of infants with \u2018low\u2010normal\u2019 skills and 3.33% with motor disability. Minimal motor impairment rating on the NSMDA at 4 or 8\u2009months significantly predicted general development at 12\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>High\u2010risk infants with \u2018low\u2010normal\u2019 motor skills may warrant referral to early intervention as associated impairment represents increased risk for poorer general development outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>High prevalence of \u2018low\u2010normal\u2019 motor skill exists in high\u2010risk infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Clinical motor assessment validly identifies infants with motor impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Minimal motor impairment in high\u2010risk infants is prognostic of general development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>High\u2010risk infants with \u2018low\u2010normal\u2019 motor skills may warrant early intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Griffiths Scales of Child Development, Third Edition assessment at 12\u2010months age may under\u2010identify motor difficulties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,22]],"date-time":"2022-05-22T06:23:32Z","timestamp":1653200612000},"page":"1517-1523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["\u2018Low\u2010normal\u2019 motor skills in infants at high risk for poor developmental outcomes: A prevalence and prognostic study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2428-6296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcella","family":"Danks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health 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