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Poisson regression was used to investigate temporal trends in the prevalence of PNN\u2010CP by 5\u2010year intervals, calculated per 10\u2009000 live births. Using data from all state and territory Australian CP registers (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0469), distributions of clinical characteristics, PNN\u2010CP causes, and sociodemographic factors were tabulated (birth years 1995\u20132012). \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between sociodemographic profile, Australian reference data, and known causes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significant temporal decline in PNN\u2010CP in Victoria (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.047) and Western Australia (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.033) was observed. The most common proximal causes of PNN\u2010CP were cerebrovascular accidents (34%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0158), infection (25%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0117), and non\u2010accidental injuries (12%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a058). Children born to teenage mothers, Aboriginal and\/or Torres Strait Islander mothers, or children born in remote areas were over\u2010represented in this cohort compared with reference data (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.001). Infectious causes were strongly associated with teenage motherhood (odds ratio 3.0 [95% confidence interval 1.1\u20138.2], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.028) and remote living (odds ratio 4.5 [95% confidence interval 2.0\u201310.2], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although prevalence of PNN\u2010CP has declined, the over\u2010representation of priority populations, and the relative severity of a condition that is largely preventable, suggest the need for more specific primary preventive measures and support.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Prevalence of post\u2010neonatally acquired (PNN) cerebral palsy (CP) in Australia significantly declined between 1973 and 2012.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Cerebrovascular accidents are the most common proximal cause of PNN\u2010CP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Children born in remote areas are at greater risk of PNN\u2010CP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,5]],"date-time":"2022-06-05T16:44:54Z","timestamp":1654447494000},"page":"107-116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Temporal trends, clinical characteristics, and sociodemographic profile of post\u2010neonatally acquired cerebral palsy in Australia, 1973\u20132012: A population\u2010based observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8027-6183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Waight","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerebral Palsy Alliance\/Research Institute, Specialty of Child &amp; Adolescent Health The University of Sydney  Camperdown NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0234-1541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"McIntyre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerebral Palsy Alliance\/Research Institute, Specialty of Child &amp; Adolescent Health The University of Sydney  Camperdown NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6954-5071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan","family":"Woolfenden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Australian Register of Developmental Anomalies  Perth WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9415-5246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne  Melbourne VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's and Children's Health Network  Adelaide SA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanya","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery The University of Sydney  Camperdown NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annabel","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerebral Palsy Alliance\/Research Institute, Specialty of Child &amp; 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