{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:26:07Z","timestamp":1783607167425,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DE11939"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DE11939"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009157","name":"National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["90SFGE0032\u201001\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["90SFGE0032\u201001\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009157","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine how school environment, physical functioning problems, and behavioral problems explain levels of school participation (i.e. attendance and involvement) among young people with craniofacial microsomia (CFM) and other childhood\u2010onset disabilities, and whether participation\u2010focused caregiver strategies play a role in these relationships.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted secondary analyses of a subset of data (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009260 families: 120 with CFM and 140 with other childhood\u2010onset disabilities) from the second follow\u2010up phase of a longitudinal cohort study. We applied structural equation modeling with data collected from the Participation and Environment Measure \u2013 Children and Youth version, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory physical functioning scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Model fit was acceptable to close (comparative fit index\u2009=\u20090.973; root mean square error of approximation\u2009=\u20090.055; standardized root mean squared residual\u2009=\u20090.043; Tucker\u2013Lewis index\u2009=\u20090.958). School environmental support had a positive effect on young people's participation attendance and involvement, and physical functioning problems had a negative effect on participation involvement. The number of disclosed caregiver strategies had a significant positive effect on the relationship between school environmental support and school participation attendance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Findings confirm the effect of school environmental support and physical functioning problems on school participation and highlight the role of participation\u2010focused caregiver strategies to intensify the positive effect of school environmental support on school participation attendance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Environmental support had a positive effect on participation attendance and involvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Physical functioning problems had a negative effect on school participation involvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Disclosed caregiver strategies intensified the impact of environmental support on participation attendance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T04:34:42Z","timestamp":1683174882000},"page":"939-947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["School participation among young people with craniofacial microsomia and other childhood\u2010onset disabilities"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1290-9441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera C.","family":"Kaelin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Therapy University of Illinois Chicago  Chicago USA"},{"name":"Computer Science University of Illinois Chicago  Chicago 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