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We calculated physical activity metrics from raw accelerometer data using a validated random forest classification machine learning model for preschool\u2010age children. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear regression models compared physical activity between typically developing children, children at risk for DCDr, and those with pDCD identified based on motor scores at baseline and averaged over time, accounting for age, sex, and accelerometer wear time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found no differences in daily time spent sedentary, in light physical activity, or moderate\u2010to\u2010vigorous physical activity between typically developing children, children at risk for DCDr, and those with pDCD. However, children in the DCD groups spent less time doing ambulatory activities (walking\/running) than typically developing children. Analysis of variance: baseline classification, DCDr to typically developing, run: F\u2009=\u20095.34, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005, classification averaged over time, DCDr to typically developing, walk: F\u2009=\u20095.82, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003. Regressions: DCDr compared to typically developing for walk: B\u2009=\u2009\u22123.47 (standard error 1.05), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, pDCD compared to typically developing for run: B\u2009=\u2009\u22121.82 (standard error 0.62), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Designing interventions for preschool children with motor difficulties targeting specific physical activity types (walk\/run) may help mitigate physical activity intensity differences observed later in childhood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.16186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T12:49:38Z","timestamp":1733834978000},"page":"910-917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Machine learning derived physical activity in preschool children with developmental coordination disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2543-8346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elyse","family":"Letts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health &amp; Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics McMaster University  Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3670-8425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"King\u2010Dowling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INfant and Child Health Lab, Department of Family Medicine McMaster University  Hamilton Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia  Philadelphia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9757-2771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew Y. W.","family":"Kwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INfant and Child Health Lab, Department of Family Medicine McMaster University  Hamilton Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Social Sciences, Child and Youth Studies Brock University  St. Catharines Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6209-1505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joyce","family":"Obeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health &amp; Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics McMaster University  Hamilton Canada"},{"name":"Department of Kinesiology McMaster University  Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2856-3967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Cairney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INfant and Child Health Lab, Department of Family Medicine McMaster University  Hamilton Canada"},{"name":"School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9587-3944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stewart G.","family":"Trost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"292","article-title":"Deficits in Physical Activity Behaviour in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: Systematic Review","volume":"47","author":"Merc\u00ea C","year":"2023","journal-title":"Retos: nuevas tendencias en educaci\u00f3n f\u00edsica, deporte y recreaci\u00f3n"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14144"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001590"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00474"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2022.103037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14237"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-021-01155-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03004430.2013.837897"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00336297.2008.10483582"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3742-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-016-2102-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph9041326"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2019.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/apaq.13.1.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181cea116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-022-01296-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0266970"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2019-0088"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6579\/ac89ca"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2009.03520.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-029784"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HendersonSE SugdenD BarnettAL.Movement Assessment Battery for Children\u20102.2007.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/t55281\u2010000.","DOI":"10.1037\/t55281-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","volume-title":"Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test","author":"Kaufman AS","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2019.1703301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/apaq.21.3.197"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.159.1.46"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-2242"}],"container-title":["Developmental Medicine &amp; 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