{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T17:20:42Z","timestamp":1758043242063,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the neurological and neurodevelopmental outcome of infants born at term with perinatal intracranial haemorrhage (pICH) and examine the clinical and neuroimaging associations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective, consecutive, single\u2010center observational study of longitudinally followed children with pICH identified in the fetal or neonatal period (\u226428\u2009days of life) between January 2014 and November 2022. Neurodevelopmental outcome was rated using the Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure (PSOM) and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010eight infants were included (67.6% diagnosed postnatally and 32.4% diagnosed antenatally). Intraventricular haemorrhage was the most common bleeding type (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200943, 63.2%) and was more common in infants diagnosed prenatally (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004). Twenty\u2010nine (42.6%) infants were diagnosed with cerebral palsy and 19.1% with remote epilepsy. PSOM was performed at a median age of 3\u2009years 8\u2009months (range\u2009=\u20091\u2009year\u20139\u2009years 5\u2009months). According to the PSOM, outcome was normal in 29 (42.6%) infants. Twelve (17.6%) patients had mild impairment, 11 (16.2%) had moderate impairment, and 16 (23.5%) had severe impairment. There was no difference in neurological outcomes between patients\u00a0diagnosed antenatally or postnatally. Remote epilepsy (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.002), multi\u2010compartment ICH (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048), vermian hemorrhage (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.048), posthaemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.037), thalamic volume loss (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.037), white matter loss (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048), Wallerian degeneration (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.026), and abnormal myelination in the posterior limb of the internal capsule (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), were associated with less favourable PSOM scores. Anterior horn width correlated with PSOM total scores (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.6).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>pICH carries a significant risk of long\u2010term adverse neurological outcomes with no difference in neurological outcome between those diagnosed antenatally or postnatally. Epilepsy and neuroradiological markers are associated with unfavourable neurodevelopmental outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.16310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T02:15:32Z","timestamp":1743387332000},"page":"1266-1279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neurodevelopmental outcome of perinatal intracranial haemorrhage in patients born at term: A prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4706-1949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Libzon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Institute Dana\u2010Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 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Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4267-8835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Neurosurgery Department and the Pediatric Brain Center Tel Aviv Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shlomi","family":"Constantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Neurosurgery Department and the Pediatric Brain Center Tel Aviv Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Malinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Faculty of Medicine 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