{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T02:58:12Z","timestamp":1780369092574,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759449600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Photosensitive epilepsy is the most common form of stimulus\u2010induced epilepsy. We describe two unrelated females aged 9 years and 10\u2009years, with prolonged photic\u2010induced absence seizures triggered by a commercially available red\u2010light flashing pen popular among children. Both patients underwent clinical assessment and electroencephalography (EEG) with intermittent photic stimulation. Their EEGs showed a generalized photoparoxysmal response to intermittent photic stimulation. Exposure to the pen, performed in the 9\u2010year\u2010old, elicited a powerful photoparoxysmal discharge. Both patients were successfully treated with valproic acid, preventative measures, and avoidance of known triggers. These observations highlight the risk posed by poorly regulated flashing lights in consumer products. Despite past efforts to regulate visual stimuli in video games and media, current regulatory frameworks do not adequately address emerging light\u2010emitting diode\u2010based technologies, leaving vulnerable populations exposed to preventable risks. There is a pressing need for updated safety standards to prevent seizure\u2010provoking stimuli, especially in products marketed to children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.70001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T12:19:51Z","timestamp":1759493991000},"page":"864-868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Red\u2010light flashing pens and seizures in children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3967-1065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Gasparini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Human Genetics Department Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Dainelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Human Genetics Department Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Piras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Human Genetics Department Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Balestrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Human Genetics Department Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS  Florence Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Pharmacology, and Child Health University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7272-7079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renzo","family":"Guerrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Human Genetics Department Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS  Florence Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Pharmacology, and Child Health University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.451009.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17175"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(92)90027-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/72972"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2012.03411.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1477153521998415"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.31305.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.01405.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)91888-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb02252.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"Game Accessibility Guidelines.Game accessibility guidelines\u2009[Internet].2019[cited 2025 May 31]. 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