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A total of 156 infants (55.1% male, mean gestational age\u2009=\u200933.6\u2009weeks, SD\u2009=\u20094.6) were screened using the Prechtl's General Movements Assessment, with optimality scoring using the Motor Optimality Score\u2010Revised (MOS\u2010R) at 3 to 5\u2009months and the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) at 4 to 9\u2009months. Participants completed \u2018baby movement (BM) checks\u2019 at two time points (BM1, 3\u20135\u2009months corrected age; BM2, 4\u20139\u2009months corrected age), with final movement and learning checks at 12\u2009months corrected age. At 12\u2009months corrected age, standardized motor, cognitive, and communication assessments, neurodisability\u2010specific symptomology, or a diagnosis made by a paediatrician classified infants as developing typically (\u2018on track\u2019) or (1) with a high chance of or confirmed cerebral palsy (CP) or (2) non\u2010CP neurodevelopmental delay (NDD), including autism and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Predictive relationships were investigated using logistic regression and diagnostic statistics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At 12\u2009months, 127 of 147 (86%) eligible infants (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20099 withdrawn or deceased) were classified as \u2018on track\u2019 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200955, 43%), NDD (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200959, 47%), or CP (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200913, 10%). MOS\u2010R (\u2265\u200914\u2009weeks) and the HINE distinguished infants as \u2018on track\u2019, CP, or NDD. [Correction added on 1 November 2025 after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, \u201cMOS\u2010R (\u2265\u200914\u2009weeks). The HINE distinguished infants\u2026\u201d has been updated to \u201cMOS\u2010R (\u2265\u200914\u2009weeks) and the HINE distinguished infants\u2026\u201d.] Each 1\u2010point decrease on both tools increased the odds of NDD (OR\n                      <jats:sub>MOS\u2010R<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20091.00\u20131.96; OR\n                      <jats:sub>HINE<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.12, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.05\u20131.21) and CP (OR\n                      <jats:sub>MOS\u2010R<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.47, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.08\u20132.01; OR\n                      <jats:sub>HINE<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.41, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.21\u20131.65,). The MOS\u2010R (cut\u2010off\u2009of less than\u200923) and HINE (moderate to severely reduced) were best for identifying any NDD and CP (MOS\u2010R: sensitivity\u2009=\u200984%, specificity\u2009=\u200938%; HINE: sensitivity\u2009=\u200964%, specificity\u2009=\u200963%). Combined trajectories across both tools were the strongest predictors of CP (sensitivity\u2009=\u200973%, specificity\u2009=\u200996%), autism (sensitivity\u2009=\u200959%, specificity\u2009=\u200995%), and FASD (sensitivity\u2009=\u200989%, specificity\u2009=\u200993%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence\u2010based screening tools demonstrate promising transdiagnostic prediction of \u2018on\u2010track\u2019 development and not only high chance of CP but also autism, FASD, and other NDDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.70003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T04:00:40Z","timestamp":1758859240000},"page":"381-393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes in Australian First Nations infants: The transdiagnostic utility of early screening tools"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2732-1942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carly","family":"Luke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Behavioural Sciences The University of Queensland  Brisbane QLD Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Paediatric Rehabilitation Service Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service  Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7252-5063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine A.","family":"Benfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, Medicine and 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