{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T18:07:49Z","timestamp":1778954869433,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically examine evidence on the impact of attending mainstream compared with special secondary school for adolescents with Down syndrome, in terms of health, education, and well\u2010being outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched four bibliographic databases for studies comparing education and health (including social and self\u2010care) outcomes in adolescents with Down syndrome who attended mainstream secondary school to those attending special secondary school.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 4458 publications, we identified three studies from the UK and the Netherlands, which involved 246 adolescents with Down syndrome: 49 attended mainstream and 197 attended special secondary school. Of three studies examining education outcomes, two reported improved attainment among adolescents attending mainstream school, but both were at risk of bias from participant selection, missing data, and deviations to the intended intervention. One study reported social and self\u2010care outcomes, with no significant differences. No studies reported health outcomes. Studies provided only cursory information about teaching support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parents, policy\u2010makers, and others who make choices about education for adolescents with Down syndrome lack evidence on whether outcomes differ, on average, between mainstream and special secondary schools. Well\u2010designed studies are needed to quantify the impact of secondary school type on outcomes among adolescents with Down syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.70066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T04:46:53Z","timestamp":1762318013000},"page":"755-766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mainstream or special secondary school for the health, education, and well\u2010being of adolescents with Down syndrome: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7451-5759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Shumway","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East London NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianca Lucia","family":"De Stavola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ania","family":"Zylbersztejn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London  London UK"},{"name":"NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Lee K","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.09.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1706537"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.7506.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3314"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Observations on an ethnic classification of idiots. 1866","volume":"33","author":"Down JL","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ment Retard."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"Education Act 1976 [Internet]. 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