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Surveys assessed stuttering characteristics (onset, negative impact, family history) and health (early development, other conditions). Speech and non\u2010verbal intelligence were assessed using conversation and the Wechsler standardized scales. Sample sizes varied across assessments (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0266\u2013327). Latent class analysis identified unobserved groups based on assessment data.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 327 participants (231 male, 71%) with a median age of 57\u2009years (range:\u00a05\u201390\u2009years) were recruited, 282 of 296 (95%) with current stuttering and 14 of 296 (5%) with resolved stuttering. Onset was 4\u2009years or younger for 187 of 322 (58%) participants; 207 of 325 (64%) had a positive family history of stuttering, 58 of 325 (18%) had developmental delay, and 38 of 264 (14%) had below average non\u2010verbal intelligence. Common co\u2010occurring conditions included sleep, hearing, vision, and immune conditions, migraine, anxiety, and depression. Analysis revealed two groups: 295 of 327 (90%) participants had the common phenotype and 32 of 327 (10%) had a complex phenotype, with more severe stuttering, greater negative impact of stuttering, more frequent anxiety, lower non\u2010verbal intelligence, and neurodevelopmental disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Phenotypic analysis of a large cohort of who stutter identified 90% with a common phenotype and 10% with a complex phenotype. Both had co\u2010occurring disorders requiring multidisciplinary support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.70208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T18:13:37Z","timestamp":1772993617000},"page":"1460-1475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Developmental stuttering with common and complex phenotypes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0831-9705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Horton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8540-0473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisy 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