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Studies were included if they evaluated reliability, validity, or responsiveness of tools assessing trunk control in spastic\/dyskinetic CP. The review followed the methodology of the JBI and the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta\u2010Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA\u2010ScR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The search yielded 27\u00a0332 publications, of which 110 met the inclusion criteria. Twenty\u2010two distinct assessment tools were identified, including 12 clinical and 10 instrumented. Instrumented assessment tools were most frequently investigated (65%). Validity was reported in 62% of studies; reliability and responsiveness in 30% and 0% respectively. Notably, 85% of studies focused exclusively on individuals with spastic CP, only 28% addressed individuals with CP classified in GMFCS levels IV or V.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review highlights critical gaps in research on trunk control assessment in CP, particularly for patients with severe disabilities, tool responsiveness, and coverage of key facets of trunk control. Future research should prioritize thorough psychometric evaluation of tools, across facets, accounting for the diverse applications and heterogenous clinical presentations in CP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.70210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T03:50:46Z","timestamp":1775879446000},"page":"1365-1389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of trunk movement and posture in spastic and dyskinetic cerebral palsy: A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1726-091X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen","family":"Van Wonterghem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences KU Leuven Bruges  Bruges Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4152-693X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna\u2010Klara Nohlin","family":"Sandsj\u00f6","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8695-0095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inti","family":"Vanmechelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9307-4102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helga","family":"Haberfehlner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences KU Leuven Bruges  Bruges Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam Netherlands"},{"name":"Rehabilitation &amp; Development Amsterdam Movement Sciences  Amsterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6412-6097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meta Nystr\u00f6m","family":"Eek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8507-5276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaat","family":"Desloovere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Clinical Motion Analysis Laboratory University Hospital Leuven  Pellenberg Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3959-9554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate","family":"Himmelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7070-9387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elegast","family":"Monbaliu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences KU Leuven Bruges  Bruges Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Motor control: theory and practical applications","author":"Shumway\u2010Cook A","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Motor control: translating research into clinical applications","author":"Shumway\u2010Cook A","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200838110-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/NP.2005.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12641"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2023.105929"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"94","article-title":"The development of trunk control and its relation to reaching in infancy: a longitudinal study","volume":"9","author":"Rachwani J","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"844","article-title":"The Etiology of Neuromuscular Hip Dysplasia and Implications for Management: A Narrative Review","volume":"11","author":"Presedo A","year":"2024","journal-title":"Children (Basel)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199212000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","unstructured":"(WHO) WHO.2025[cited cited 2025 01\/2025. 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