{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:55:22Z","timestamp":1791640522205,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,17]],"date-time":"2013-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypoglycaemic events can be a serious complication of insulin therapy in Type\u00a01 diabetes mellitus. Severe hypoglycaemic exposure can lead to episodic memory impairments, including anterograde amnesia. However, relatively little is known regarding the long\u2010term impact of severe hypoglycaemia on brain structure in Type\u00a01 diabetes mellitus. The goals of the present study were to gain a greater understanding of the long\u2010term effects of severe hypoglycaemia exposure on brain structure and the neural correlates of memory impairments in Type\u00a01 diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case report<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regional grey and white matter volume and total white matter lesion volume were quantified in an individual with long\u2010standing hypoglycaemia\u2010induced anterograde amnesia and compared with age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched healthy controls. Our patient has significant reductions in grey matter volume in the hippocampus, thalamus and pallidum, and significant reductions in white matter volume in the splenium, isthmus of the cingulate and cerebellum. He also has a significantly larger total white matter lesion volume than controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case study highlights the potential of hypoglycaemia for permanent deleterious effects on brain structure and memory function. Our results suggest that subcortical grey matter, periventricular white matter and posterior white matter may be most susceptible to injury from hypoglycaemia exposure, and that structural damage to the hippocampus and isthmus of the cingulate may play a central role in hypoglycaemia\u2010induced memory impairments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,18]],"date-time":"2013-01-18T08:40:35Z","timestamp":1358498435000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Hypoglycaemia\u2010induced changes in regional brain volume and memory function"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"B. A.","family":"Kirchhoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Missouri \u2010 St. Louis St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. M.","family":"Lugar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. E.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Missouri \u2010 St. Louis St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. J.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. C.","family":"Perantie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. C.","family":"Kolody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Koller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. M.","family":"Arbelaez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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