{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T19:54:39Z","timestamp":1760385279733},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,5]],"date-time":"2013-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1365120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immunoglobulin\u00a0A (IgA) measurement is advocated when case finding for coeliac disease in patients with Type\u00a01 diabetes mellitus. Currently, there is a paucity of contemporary studies assessing IgA deficiency in Type\u00a01 diabetes. This study evaluates the prevalence of IgA deficiency in individuals with Type\u00a01 diabetes, compared with patients with coeliac disease and control subjects. In addition, we evaluate whether routine IgA measurement is justifiable when case finding for coeliac disease in patients with Type\u00a01 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients were assessed using IgA endomysial antibodies, IgA anti\u2010tissue transglutaminase antibodies and total IgA levels. Altogether, 2434 individuals were tested: 1000 patients with Type\u00a01 diabetes, 234 patients with coeliac disease and 1200 population control subjects. Definitive IgA deficiency was defined as total IgA levels &lt;\u00a00.07\u00a0g\/l.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of IgA deficiency was significantly more common in patients with Type\u00a01 diabetes (0.9%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a09\/1000; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.036) and coeliac disease (1.29%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03\/234; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.041) when compared with population control subjects (prevalence of 0.17%, 2\/1200). No statistical difference between Type\u00a01 diabetes and coeliac disease for IgA deficiency was identified (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.87). Of patients in the group with Type\u00a01 diabetes, 3.3% (33\/1000) had coeliac disease, and of those only one patient had IgA deficiency leading to an antibody\u2010negative presentation. Both IgA\u2010deficient individuals within the population control subjects had normal duodenal biopsies and no relevant symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>IgA deficiency is more common in Type\u00a01 diabetes compared with population control subjects. Despite this, very few individuals with Type\u00a01 diabetes and IgA deficiency appear to have villous atrophy on biopsy. These outcomes question the practice of routine IgA measurement when case finding for coeliac disease in patients with Type\u00a01 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,5]],"date-time":"2013-03-05T17:03:20Z","timestamp":1362503000000},"page":"840-845","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Serological testing for coeliac disease in Type\u00a01 diabetes mellitus: is immunoglobulin\u00a0A level measurement necessary?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Kurien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Liver Unit Royal Hallamshire Hospital Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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