{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:16:22Z","timestamp":1790511382669,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the prevalence of chronic kidney disease and attainment of therapeutic targets for HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> and blood pressure in a large <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010based diabetes population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> National Diabetes Audit provided data from 1 January 2007 to 31 March 2008. Inclusion criteria were a documented urinary albumin:creatinine ratio and serum creatinine. Patients were stratified according to chronic kidney disease stage and albuminuria status. Chronic kidney disease was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt;\u00a060\u00a0ml\u00a0min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a01.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>, albuminuria or both. The proportions of patients achieving nationally defined glycaemic and systolic blood pressure targets were determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cohort comprised 1\u00a0423\u00a0669 patients, of whom 868\u00a0616 (61%) met inclusion criteria. Of the patients analysed, 92.2% had Type\u00a02 diabetes. A higher proportion of people with Type\u00a02 diabetes (42.3%) had renal dysfunction compared with those with Type\u00a01 diabetes (32.4%). Achievement of systolic blood pressure and HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> targets was poor. Among people with Type\u00a01 diabetes, 67.8% failed to achieve an HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> &lt;\u00a058\u00a0mmol\/mol (7.5%). Of all people with diabetes, 37.8% failed to achieve a systolic blood pressure &lt;\u00a0140\u00a0mmHg. Blood pressure control was poor in advanced chronic kidney disease. For example, mean (standard deviation) systolic blood pressure rose from 128.6 (15.4) mmHg among people with Type\u00a01 diabetes and normal renal function to 141.0 (23.6) mmHg in those with chronic kidney disease stage\u00a05 and macroalbuminuria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The high prevalence of chronic kidney disease and poor attainment of treatment targets highlights a large subset of the diabetes population at increased risk of cardiovascular mortality or progressive kidney disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T15:16:50Z","timestamp":1381245410000},"page":"448-454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Chronic kidney disease and diabetes in the National Health Service: a cross\u2010sectional survey of the UK National Diabetes Audit"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"C. J.","family":"Hill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Public Health Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK"},{"name":"Regional Nephrology Unit Belfast City Hospital Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. R.","family":"Cardwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Public Health Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. C.","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Public Health Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. P.","family":"Maxwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Public Health Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK"},{"name":"Regional Nephrology Unit Belfast City Hospital Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. M.","family":"Magee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine Daisy Hill Hospital Newry UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Diabetes Audit and National Diabetes Information Service Salford Royal Foundation NHS Trust Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHS Kidney Care Newcastle upon Tyne Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. J.","family":"O'Donoghue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Salford Royal Foundation NHS Trust Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. G.","family":"Fogarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Public Health Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK"},{"name":"Regional Nephrology Unit Belfast City Hospital Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60568-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000342843"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004030203"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.4.421"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2625"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806470"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1111732"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806359"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"National Clinical Audit Support Programme.National Diabetes Audit. 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