{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T20:42:07Z","timestamp":1775508127891,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]],"date-time":"2013-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biphasic insulin analogues are widely used in patients with Type\u00a02 diabetes mellitus suboptimally controlled on oral anti\u2010diabetic drugs. Several topics in this area remain controversial, including how to divide the daily dose of biphasic insulin analogue. We aimed to determine the optimal dosing ratio of twice\u2010daily biphasic insulin analogue and to compare the glycaemic efficacy among groups of patients using different initial dosing ratios of biphasic insulin analogue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 100 poorly controlled insulin\u2010naive subjects with Type\u00a02 diabetes [HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> \u2265\u00a058\u00a0mmol\/mol, (7.5%)] on oral anti\u2010diabetic drugs were randomized into three groups according to initial morning:evening dosing ratio (group\u00a0I, 50:50; group\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>, 55:45; group\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content>, 60:40) of twice\u2010daily biphasic insulin analogue (biphasic insulin aspart 70\/30, biphasic insulin aspart\u00a030). The primary outcome measure was the difference in pre\u2010breakfast to pre\u2010dinner dose ratio at the end of the study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twice\u2010daily biphasic insulin analogue showed a significant improvement in glycaemic control [HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> from 70\u00a0mmol\/mol (8.6%) to 60\u00a0mmol\/mol (7.6%)] after 24\u00a0weeks regardless of the initial dose ratio given. Despite the similar efficacy and safety profiles among three groups, morning dose was significantly increased (from 50:50 to 55:45\u201360:40) in group\u00a0I after 24\u00a0weeks. However, there was no significant change in splitting ratio in groups\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> (with higher morning dose) over the 24\u2010week treatment period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results indicate that initiating twice\u2010daily biphasic insulin analogue on regimens with a higher dose before breakfast than before dinner (i.e. ratio approximately 55:45 to 60:40) might be more appropriate in Korean subjects with Type\u00a02 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]],"date-time":"2013-10-12T01:25:32Z","timestamp":1381541132000},"page":"68-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The optimal morning:evening ratio in total dose of twice\u2010daily biphasic insulin analogue in poorly controlled Type\u00a02 diabetes: a 24\u2010week multi\u2010centre prospective, randomized controlled, open\u2010labelled clinical study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"C. H.","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.\u2010Y.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St Mary's Hospital The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.\u2010H.","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St Mary's Hospital The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. K.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St Mary's Hospital The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.\u2010H.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Severance Hospital University of Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. S.","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Severance Hospital University of Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.\u2010W.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Severance Hospital University of Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)61032-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2007.01309.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2012.36.3.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2005.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2005.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2005.00563.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2007.00796.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0413"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2011.0208"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2013.37.2.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2011.02755.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2013.37.3.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01511.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2009.02192.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.13.S1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2001.22558"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2009.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa075392"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"2968","volume-title":"Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine","author":"Powers AC","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","first-page":"1748","volume-title":"Cecil Medicine","author":"Inzucchi SE","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diaclin.27.2.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.726"}],"container-title":["Diabetic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fdme.12322","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dme.12322","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T00:05:06Z","timestamp":1696377906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/dme.12322"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/dme.12322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dme.12322","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0742-3071","1464-5491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0742-3071","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-5491","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-08-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-09-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-10-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}