{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T22:42:17Z","timestamp":1787784137776,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]],"date-time":"2014-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1405382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)"},{"name":"Catalyst Grant: Population and Public Health"},{"name":"Exploring Hypotheses Linking Type II Diabetes and Neighbourhood Environments","award":["94431"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["94431"]}]},{"name":"CIHR Interdisciplinary Capacity Enhancement"},{"name":"Health Disparities: Intergenerational Dynamics and Empirical Assessment Strategies","award":["HOA-80072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HOA-80072"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined the association between socio\u2010demographic marginalization and plasma glucose levels at diagnosis of gestational diabetes in a multi\u2010ethnic and socio\u2010economically diverse patient group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medical charts at a Toronto gestational diabetes clinic were reviewed for women with a recorded pregnancy between 1 March 2006 and 26 April 2011. One\u2010hour 50\u2010g glucose challenge test values and postal code data were abstracted. Postal codes were merged with 2006 Canadian census data to compute neighbourhood\u2010level ethnic concentration (% recent immigrants, % visible minorities) and material deprivation (% low education, % low income, single\u2010parent households). We compared women in the highest neighbourhood quintiles for both ethnic concentration and material deprivation with all other women to explore an association between marginalization and diagnostic glucose levels. Multivariate regression models of glucose challenge test values and insulin prescription were adjusted for age, prior gestational diabetes, parity and diabetes family history.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 531 patients with complete glucose challenge test data (mean 11.94\u00a0mmol\/l, <jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 1.83), those in the most marginalized neighbourhoods had 0.43\u00a0mmol\/l higher glucose challenge test values (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.08\u20130.78) compared with the rest of the study population. Other factors associated with higher glucose challenge test values were prior gestational diabetes (0.59 mmol\/l increment, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.19\u20130.99) and diabetes family history (0.32 mmol\/l increment, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> \u20130.01 to 0.66). Each additional 1\u00a0mmol\/l glucose challenge test result was associated with an increased likelihood of being prescribed insulin (odds ratio 1.33, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.17\u20131.51).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women living in the most materially deprived and ethnically concentrated neighbourhoods have higher glucose levels at diagnosis of gestational diabetes. They may need close monitoring for timely initiation of insulin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,24]],"date-time":"2014-06-24T21:46:12Z","timestamp":1403646372000},"page":"1563-1567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The association between socio\u2010demographic marginalization and plasma glucose levels at diagnosis of gestational diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Sampson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography McGill University Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Dasgupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology Department of Medicine McGill University Health Centre Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. A.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography McGill University Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"S186","volume-title":"Canadian Diabetes Association 2008 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Diabetes in Canada","author":"Thompson D","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2011.784"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707943"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2012.96"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-s206"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.061198"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2061773"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05333.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03403704"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","volume-title":"ON\u2010Marg Ontario Marginalization Index","author":"Matheson FI","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-9-21"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","volume-title":"2006 Canadian Census","author":"Statistics Canada","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-1038"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340500523644"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.080012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.10.1862"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1194"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.09.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2007.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Is there a socioeconomic gradient in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus?","volume":"105","author":"Cullinan J","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ir Med J"}],"container-title":["Diabetic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fdme.12529","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fdme.12529","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dme.12529","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T07:44:28Z","timestamp":1696319068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/dme.12529"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/dme.12529"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dme.12529","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0742-3071","1464-5491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0742-3071","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-5491","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-12-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-06-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-07-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}