{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T08:25:14Z","timestamp":1790324714146,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,17]],"date-time":"2014-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000361","name":"Diabetes UK","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RD 05\/0003025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RD 05\/0003025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000361","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess markers of inflammation and bone turnover at presentation and at resolution of Charcot osteoarthropathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We measured serum inflammatory and bone turnover markers in a cross\u2010sectional study of 35 people with Charcot osteoarthropathy, together with 34 people with diabetes and 12 people without diabetes. In addition, a prospective study of the subjects with Charcot osteoarthropathy was conducted until clinical resolution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At presentation, C\u2010reactive protein (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.007), tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.010) and interleukin\u20106 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.002), but not interleukin\u20101\u03b2, (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.254) were significantly higher in people with Charcot osteoarthropathy than in people with and without diabetes. Serum C\u2010terminal telopeptide (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.004), bone alkaline phosphatase (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.006) and osteoprotegerin (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001), but not tartrate\u2010resistant acid phosphatase (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.126) and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor\u2010\u03ba\u03b2 ligand (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.915), were significantly higher in people with Charcot osteoarthropathy than in people with and without diabetes.<\/jats:p><jats:p>At follow\u2010up it was found that tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.012) and interleukin\u20106 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.003), but not C\u2010reactive protein (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.101), interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.457), C\u2010terminal telopeptide (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.743), bone alkaline phosphatase (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.193), tartrate\u2010resistant acid phosphatase (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.856), osteoprotegerin (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.372) or soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor\u2010k\u03b2 ligand (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.889), had significantly decreased between presentation and the 3\u00a0months of casting therapy time point, and all analytes remained unchanged from 3\u00a0months of casting therapy until resolution. In people with Charcot osteoarthropathy, there was a positive correlation between interleukin\u20106 and C\u2010terminal telopeptide (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.028) and tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 and C\u2010terminal telopeptide (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.013) only at presentation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the onset of acute Charcot foot, serum concentrations of tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 and interleukin\u20106 were elevated; however, there was a significant reduction in these markers at resolution and these markers may be useful in the assessment of disease activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,23]],"date-time":"2014-09-23T15:25:57Z","timestamp":1411485957000},"page":"267-273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Inflammatory and bone turnover markers in a cross\u2010sectional and prospective study of acute Charcot osteoarthropathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"N. L.","family":"Petrova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetic Foot Clinic King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. K.","family":"Dew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. L.","family":"Musto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. A.","family":"Sherwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Bates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetic Foot Clinic King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. F.","family":"Moniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. E.","family":"Edmonds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetic Foot Clinic King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67029-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9136(199707)14:7<527::AID-DIA404>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(02)00097-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-0636"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0844"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.846"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.6.527"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01510.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.17.6.557"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734613486152"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"671","article-title":"Changes in serum levels of TNF\u2010alpha, IL\u20106, osteoprotegerin, RANKL and their correlation with radiographic and clinical assessment in fragility fractures and high energy fractures","volume":"26","author":"Giganti MG","journal-title":"J Biol Regul Homeost Agents"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genm.2012.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2008.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2012.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.070505","article-title":"Effect of fracture on bone turnover markers: a longitudinal study comparing marker levels before and after injury in 113 elderly women","volume":"22","author":"Ivaska KK","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"95","article-title":"Charcot neuropathic osteoarthropathy, proinflammatoty cytokines and bone turnover markers","author":"Pearson R G S","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-008-0992-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-1220"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2010.02940.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-013-2511-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"S11","article-title":"The proinflammatory cytokines TNF\u2010a and IL\u20106 modulate RANKL\u2010mediated osteoclastic resorption in vitro in patients with acute Charcot osteoarthropathy. 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