{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T14:25:12Z","timestamp":1767968712529,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,14]],"date-time":"2015-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe glycaemia in both breastfeeding women and artificially feeding women with Type 1 diabetes, and the changes in glycaemia induced by suckling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A blinded continuous glucose monitor was applied for up to 6 days in eight breastfeeding and eight artificially feeding women with Type 1 diabetes 2\u20134 months postpartum. Women recorded glucose levels, insulin dosages, oral intake and breastfeeding episodes. A standardized breakfast was consumed on 2 days. A third group (clinic controls) were identified from a historical database.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Carbohydrate intake tended to be higher in breastfeeding than artificially feeding women (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.09) despite similar insulin requirements. Compared with breastfeeding women, the high blood glucose index and standard deviation of glucose were higher in artificially feeding women (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02 and 0.06, respectively) and in the clinical control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02 and 0.05, respectively). The low blood glucose index and hypoglycaemia were similar. After suckling, the low blood glucose index increased compared with before (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) and during (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) suckling. Hypoglycaemia (blood glucose &lt; 4.0 mmol\/l) occurred within 3 h of suckling in 14% of suckling episodes, and was associated with time from last oral intake (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.04) and last rapid\u2010acting insulin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03). After a standardized breakfast, the area under the glucose curve was positive. In breastfeeding women the area under the glucose curve was positive if suckling was avoided for 1 h after eating and negative if suckling occurred within 30 min of eating.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Breastfeeding women with Type 1 diabetes had similar hypoglycaemia but lower glucose variability than artificially feeding women. Suckling reduced maternal glucose levels but did not cause hypoglycaemia in most episodes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,19]],"date-time":"2015-10-19T14:02:43Z","timestamp":1445263363000},"page":"947-955","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Glycaemic behaviour during breastfeeding in women with Type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Achong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. 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