{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:44:19Z","timestamp":1790232259643,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>To determine risk factors associated with neonatal hypoglycaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia, and assess their impact on neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Retrospective review investigating all pregnancies complicated by GDM<\/jats:styled-content> at Campbelltown Hospital (Sydney, Australia) between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2015. Main outcomes measured were neonatal hypoglycaemia (capillary glucose levels <\u00a01.8 mmol\/l) and hyperbilirubinaemia (total serum bilirubin levels greater than age\u2010appropriate thresholds for phototherapy). Adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval (CI<\/jats:styled-content>)] are shown, calculated by multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Some 60 (7.8%) infants developed hypoglycaemia, 58 (7.5%) developed hyperbilirubinaemia and 13 (1.7%) developed both. Risk of developing hypoglycaemia increased 1.8\u2010fold (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.3\u20132.6, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.001) per gestational week at GDM<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis, 1.1\u2010fold (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.0\u20131.3, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04) per mmol\/l maternal fasting glucose, 6.2\u2010fold (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 2.6\u201316.2, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.001) with maternal history of macrosomia, 10.8\u2010fold (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 4.1\u201327.6, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.001) with multiple pregnancy and 1.1\u2010fold (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.0\u20131.3, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04) per gestational week at birth. Risk of hyperbilirubinaemia increased with multiple pregnancy (26.4; 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 11.7\u201359.7, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.001), and 1.5\u2010fold (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.1\u20132.1, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01) per gestational week at GDM<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis. Hypoglycaemia was associated with a 2.8\u2010fold (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.1\u20137.1, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.03) increased risk of macrosomia, a 5.4\u2010fold (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.1\u201327.3, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04) excess risk of shoulder dystocia and a 6.4\u2010fold increased risk of 5\u2010min APGAR<\/jats:styled-content> \u2264\u00a07 (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.2\u20131.7, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.001). Hyperbilirubinaemia was associated with an excess risk of polycythaemia (packed cell volume >\u00a00.6; 97.1, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 38.9\u2013241.5, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Neonatal hypoglycaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia largely occur in different pregnancies. Both are associated with earlier GDM<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis; however, hypoglycaemia is more associated with maternal glycaemia and its sequelae, and hyperbilirubinaemia is associated with polycythaemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T23:01:44Z","timestamp":1555023704000},"page":"1109-1117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Risk factors and outcomes for neonatal hypoglycaemia and neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus: a single centre retrospective 3\u2010year review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3972-8181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Thevarajah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Western Sydney University Campbelltown NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0560-0761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Western Sydney University Campbelltown NSW Australia"},{"name":"Departmentt of Endocrinology Campbelltown Hospital Campbelltown NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1641"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1998.tb140192.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"NankervisA McIntyreHD MosesR RossGP CallawayL PorterCet al.ADIPS consensus guidelines for the testing and diagnosis of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy in Australia and New Zealand. 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