{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:27:24Z","timestamp":1784546844204,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]],"date-time":"2019-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overweight and obesity are frequently reported in young persons with type 1 diabetes, however its relative magnitude in comparison to the general population is not well understood. This study compared the prevalence of overweight and obesity in young persons with type 1 diabetes to a reference population and explored possible associated factors, including gender, age, HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>, insulin regimen, age at diagnosis, diabetes duration, socio\u2010economic status and cardiovascular disease risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional review was undertaken of data collected from youth (3\u201317 years) in 2016 and young adults (18\u201330 years) in 2015 with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes for &gt;\u00a03\u00a0months attending diabetes centres in Newcastle, Australia. Rates of overweight and obesity were compared with matched population survey results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from 308 youth and 283 young adults were included. In girls, significantly higher prevalence of overweight and obesity were seen in the 5\u20138 (43% vs. 18%), 13\u201316 (41% vs. 27%), 18\u201324 (46% vs. 34%) and 25\u201330 (60% vs. 43%) years age groups; whereas in boys increased prevalence was observed in the 5\u20138 years age group only (41% vs. 18%). Rates of overweight and obesity increased with age across sexes. In youth, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> standard deviation score was correlated with socio\u2010economic status, insulin regimen, blood pressure and blood lipids (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). In adults, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> was positively associated with blood pressure, and longer diabetes duration (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overweight and obesity are over\u2010represented in young persons with type 1 diabetes, particularly girls. As overweight is associated with other cardiovascular disease markers early intervention is paramount.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]],"date-time":"2019-09-10T19:08:41Z","timestamp":1568142521000},"page":"1487-1493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Young children, adolescent girls and women with type 1 diabetes are more overweight and obese than reference populations, and this is associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3130-4683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. L.","family":"Marlow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Callaghan Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9652-6562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. W.","family":"Rowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Callaghan Australia"},{"name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton Australia"},{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology John Hunter Hospital New Lambton Heights NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Callaghan Australia"},{"name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology John Hunter Children's Hospital New Lambton Heights NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7980-3337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Wynne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Callaghan Australia"},{"name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton Australia"},{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology John Hunter Hospital New Lambton Heights NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. R.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle Callaghan Australia"},{"name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology John Hunter Children's Hospital New Lambton Heights NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Howley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences\/Statistics University of Newcastle Callaghan Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3104-8800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. 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