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Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing, with most individuals with the disease being overweight or obese. Weight loss can reduce disease\u2010related morbidity and mortality and weight losses of 10\u201315\u00a0kg have been shown to reverse type 2 diabetes. This review aimed to determine the effectiveness of community\u2010based educational interventions for weight loss in type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) in obese or overweight adults, aged 18\u201375 years, with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Primary outcomes were weight and\/or BMI. CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched from inception to June 2019. Trials were classified into specified <jats:italic>a priori<\/jats:italic> comparisons according to intervention type. A pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) (from baseline to follow\u2010up) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) between trial groups (difference\u2010in\u2010difference) were estimated through random\u2010effects meta\u2010analyses using the inverse variance method. Heterogeneity was quantified using <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and publication bias was explored visually using funnel plots.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Some 7383 records were screened; 228 full\u2010text articles were assessed and 49 RCTs (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012\u00a0461 participants) were included in this review, with 44 being suitable for inclusion into the meta\u2010analysis. Pooled estimates of education combined with low\u2010calorie, low\u2010carbohydrate meal replacements (SMD\u00a0=\u00a0\u20132.48, 95% CI \u20133.59, \u20131.49, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a098%) or diets (SMD\u00a0=\u00a0\u20131.25, 95% CI \u20132.11, \u20130.39, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a095%) or low\u2010fat meal replacements (SMD\u00a0=\u00a0\u20131.15, 95%CI \u20132.05, \u20131.09, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a085%) appeared most effective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low\u2010calorie, low\u2010carbohydrate meal replacements or diets combined with education appear the most promising interventions to achieve the largest weight and BMI reductions in people with type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]],"date-time":"2019-12-02T10:12:06Z","timestamp":1575281526000},"page":"623-635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Educational weight loss interventions in obese and overweight adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7875-2374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Maula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Primary Care School of Medicine The University of Nottingham Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9040-9384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Kai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Primary Care School of Medicine The University of Nottingham Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. K.","family":"Woolley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leicester Diabetes Research Centre University of Leicester Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5281-9590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Primary Care School of Medicine The University of Nottingham Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3204-1328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Dhalwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leicester Diabetes Research Centre University of Leicester Leicester UK"},{"name":"Real World Evidence Evidera London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4173-1438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F. 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