{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T19:12:43Z","timestamp":1789845163812,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To select a core list of standard outcomes for diabetes to be routinely applied internationally, including patient\u2010reported outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a structured systematic review of outcome measures, focusing on adults with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. This process was followed by a consensus\u2010driven modified Delphi panel, including a multidisciplinary group of academics, health professionals and people with diabetes. External feedback to validate the set of outcome measures was sought from people with diabetes and health professionals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The panel identified an essential set of clinical outcomes related to diabetes control, acute events, chronic complications, health service utilisation, and survival that can be measured using routine administrative data and\/or clinical records. Three instruments were recommended for annual measurement of patient\u2010reported outcome measures: the WHO Well\u2010Being Index for psychological well\u2010being; the depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire for depression; and the Problem Areas in Diabetes scale for diabetes distress. A range of factors related to demographic, diagnostic profile, lifestyle, social support and treatment of diabetes were also identified for case\u2010mix adjustment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recommend the standard set identified in this study for use in routine practice to monitor, benchmark and improve diabetes care. The inclusion of patient\u2010reported outcomes enables people living with diabetes to report directly on their condition in a structured way.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]],"date-time":"2020-03-03T01:41:11Z","timestamp":1583199671000},"page":"2009-2018","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["A standard set of person\u2010centred outcomes for diabetes mellitus: results of an international and unified approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4731-5491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Nano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology Helmholtz Zentrum\u2010Munich German Research Centre for Environmental Health Munich Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Diabetes Research Munich Germany"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Carinci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistical Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Okunade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Whittaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Walbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Barnard\u2010Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bournemouth University Bournemouth UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Barthelmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Save Sight Institute University of Sydney Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Benson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patient member of the ICHOM diabetes Working Group Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"WHO Patients for Patient Safety Champion Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Senior representative Consumers Health Forum of Australia Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Senior Representative for Health Consumers Council of Western Australia Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Calderon\u2010Margalit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hadassah\u2010Hebrew University School of Public Health Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Dennaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health Insurance Company Daman United Arab Emirates, Belize"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Belize Diabetes Association Belize"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Haig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patient member of the ICHOM diabetes Working Group Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez\u2010Jimen\u00e9z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n, Salvador Zubir\u00e1n M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Levitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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