{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T02:02:05Z","timestamp":1792202525780,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical characteristics such as HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>, systolic blood pressure (SBP), albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are important when treating type 1 diabetes. We investigated the variability in these measures as risk markers for micro\u2010 and macrovascular complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective study included 1062 individuals with type 1 diabetes. Visit\u2010to\u2010visit variability of HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>, SBP, albuminuria and eGFR was calculated as the SD of the residuals in individual linear regression models using all available measures in a specified period of 3\u00a0years (VV). Endpoints included were as follows: cardiovascular events (CVE) defined as myocardial infarction, non\u2010fatal stroke, or coronary or peripheral arterial intervention; end\u2010stage kidney disease (ESKD) defined as eGFR &lt;15\u00a0ml\/min\/1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, chronic dialysis or kidney transplantation; eGFR decline \u226530%; and mortality. Adjustment included age, sex, cholesterol, HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>, SBP, body mass index, smoking, albuminuria, eGFR, and mean, intercept, slope of respective exposure variables and regression models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>SBP VV was significantly associated with CVE (adjusted hazard ratio per 50% increase, (CI 95%); p: 1.21 [1.05\u20131.39]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.008), ESKD (1.51 [1.16\u20131.96]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002) and mortality (1.25 [1.09\u20131.44]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002). HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> VV was significantly associated with mortality (1.51 [1.30\u20131.75]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001); albuminuria VV with eGFR decline (1.14 [1.08\u20131.20]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.024) and ESKD (1.14 [1.02\u20131.27]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), but neither CVE nor mortality. Adjusted eGFR VV was not associated with endpoints.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In type 1 diabetes, higher variability of basic clinical risk markers adds important risk stratification information for the development of micro\u2010 and macrovascular complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T07:56:40Z","timestamp":1605167800000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Visit\u2010to\u2010visit variability of clinical risk markers in relation to long\u2010term complications in type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4270-6701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viktor","family":"Rotbain Curovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Gentofte Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Theilade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Gentofte Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Herlev\u2010Gentofte Hospital Herlev Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Signe Abitz","family":"Winther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Gentofte Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5331-9168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nete","family":"Tofte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Gentofte Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8735-966X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lise","family":"Tarnow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Sjaelland Holbaek Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1969-4255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"Jorsal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans\u2010Henrik","family":"Parving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6242-6638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederik","family":"Persson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Gentofte Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tine Willum","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Gentofte Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1531-4294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Rossing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Gentofte Denmark"},{"name":"University of Copenhagen Copenhagen 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