{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:59:18Z","timestamp":1791917958074,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]],"date-time":"2021-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The relationship between retinal vascular calibres (RVCs) and diabetic neuropathy is unclear. We investigated associations between RVCs and sensory nerve abnormality in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Research design and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a prospective longitudinal study of 889 adolescents with type 1 diabetes with baseline mean (\u00b1SD) age 14.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.5\u00a0years and HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> IFCC 69.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a014.1\u00a0mmol\/mol (8.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3%), RVCs were assessed from baseline retinal photographs: \u2018central zone\u2019 calibres, summarized as central retinal arteriolar (CRAE) and venular equivalents (CRVE) and \u2018extended zone\u2019 calibres: mean width of arterioles (MWa) and venules (MWv). Sensory nerve abnormality was defined as at least one abnormal sensory quantitative testing from two thermal and two vibration threshold tests measured at foot every 1\u20132\u00a0years. Associations between baseline RVC and sensory nerve function were examined using generalized estimating equations and cumulative risk by Cox regression analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During a median study follow\u2010up of 6.2 [IQR 3.7\u201310.4] years, sensory nerve abnormality was found in 27% of adolescents. Narrower extended zone calibre quartiles but not CRAE or CRVE quartiles were independently associated with sensory nerve abnormality: MWa (Q1 vs. Q2\u20104: OR 1.35 (95% CI 1.02, 1.61) and MWv (Q1 vs. Q2\u20104: 1.31 (1.03, 1.7)), after adjusting for HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>, duration and blood pressure. Similarly, in Cox regression, the narrowest quartiles were associated with sensory nerve abnormality: MWa hazard ratio (HR) 1.5 (1.3, 1.8) and MWv 1.6 (1.4, 1.9).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Narrower extended zone retinal calibres were associated with sensory nerve abnormality in adolescents with type 1 diabetes and may present useful biomarkers to understand the pathophysiology of neuropathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T16:16:05Z","timestamp":1627575365000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Baseline extended zone retinal vascular calibres associate with sensory nerve abnormalities in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A prospective longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8409-7238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vallimayil","family":"Velayutham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead Westmead Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Campbelltown Hospital Campbelltown NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Z.","family":"Benitez\u2010Aguirre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead Westmead Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Liew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead Westmead Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Westmead Institute for Medical Research University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tien Y.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye Center Duke\u2010NUS Medical School National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia J.","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria E.","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead Westmead Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"School of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim C.","family":"Donaghue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead Westmead Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW 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