{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T13:25:26Z","timestamp":1776864326917,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010414","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010414","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) is a rare form of adult\u2010onset diabetes that can be difficult to diagnose due to its variable clinical phenotype. Transfer RNA\u2010derived small fragments are a novel, emerging class of small non\u2010coding RNAs (sncRNAs) that have significant potential as serum biomarkers due to their stress\u2010induced generation, abundance, stability and ease of detection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the levels of tiRNA 5'ValCAC (alone and in combination with miR\u201023b\u20103p) identified from small RNA sequencing studies in serum samples from healthy controls, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes and MIDD subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum levels of 5'ValCAC were reduced in MIDD and type 2 diabetes subjects compared to controls. Type 2 diabetes subjects had higher serum levels of miR\u201023b\u20103p compared to all other subjects. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis showed the potential of 5'ValCAC and miR\u201023b\u20103p as MIDD biomarkers, with the combination showing excellent separation from type 2 diabetes subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is the first report showing altered serum levels of tiRNAs in diabetes subjects. The combined use of 5'ValCAC and miR\u201023b\u20103p as serum biomarkers could potentially differentiate between MIDD subjects and type 2 diabetes subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.15258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T01:31:37Z","timestamp":1699407097000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["<scp>tRNA<\/scp>\u2010derived fragments are altered in diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0076-672X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology Mater Misericordiae University Hospital  Dublin 7 Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3362-1570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H. A. Y.","family":"Gibriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Medical Physics Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland  Dublin 2 Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Halang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Medical Physics Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland  Dublin 2 Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4060-3300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Jirstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Medical Physics Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland  Dublin 2 Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5355-8396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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