{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:16:56Z","timestamp":1790612216384,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006306","name":"Sigrid Jus\u00e9liuksen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010135","name":"Finska L\u00e4kares\u00e4llskapet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010135","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013500","name":"Diabetestutkimuss\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013500","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015736","name":"Folkh\u00e4lsanin Tutkimuss\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015736","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010113","name":"Wilhelm och Else Stockmanns Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010113","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Across its operational span of more than 25\u2009years, the observational, nationwide, multicentre Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) Study has aimed to unravel mechanisms underlying diabetic kidney disease, with a special focus on its metabolic risk factors. We sought to compile key findings relating to this topic and to offer a current perspective on the natural course of diabetic kidney disease among individuals with type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this narrative review, articles relevant to the subject published by the FinnDiane Study were identified and summarized together with work published by others, when relevant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The FinnDiane Study has underscored the significance of dysglycaemia and insulin resistance, increased visceral fat mass, hypertension and dyslipidaemia\u2014particularly high triglycerides and remnant cholesterol\u2014as risk factors for diabetic kidney disease. Factors like abdominal obesity seem to influence the early stages of the disease, while the presence of the metabolic syndrome becomes implicated at later stages. Epidemiological reports have revealed that after an initial decline, the cumulative incidence of albuminuria plateaued post\u20101980s, with the progression rate to kidney failure remaining high. Fortunately, 23% of the FinnDiane cohort regressed to less advanced stages of albuminuria, improving their overall prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A substantial burden of albuminuria associated with type 1 diabetes persists, and therefore, novel kidney\u2010protecting therapies are highly awaited. In addition, given that metabolic factors influence the progression of diabetic kidney disease both in its early and advanced stages, emphasis should be placed on ensuring that their treatment targets are met.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.15431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T12:22:17Z","timestamp":1725538937000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Lessons learned from the <scp>FinnDiane<\/scp> Study: Epidemiology and metabolic risk factors for diabetic kidney disease in type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1192-348X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fanny","family":"Jansson Sigfrids","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Folkh\u00e4lsan Research Center  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7313-4710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raija","family":"Lithovius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Folkh\u00e4lsan Research Center  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4055-6954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per\u2010Henrik","family":"Groop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Folkh\u00e4lsan Research Center  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3999-0390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena M.","family":"Thorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Folkh\u00e4lsan Research Center  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.8399"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00284458"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90284-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneph.2023.1282818"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00099-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010020194"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-018-4564-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00556.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021835"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-1646"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02870316"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0641"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1098"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4251-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001184"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1995.236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db09-0693"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198607243150404"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.077487"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02145-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.4.626"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.8.2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/13.12.3079"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00507.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-01791-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-4-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.19.7.689"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-015-3499-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2010.503660"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0472"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.27.11.1078"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2019-00042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db15-0254"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30084-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75667-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-1935"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006040394"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.41.2.S12"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-007-0858-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-009-1541-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13298"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2014.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.3.439"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000139903.29522.8D"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2023.110564"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003480"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-0824"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2016.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-018-4648-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-0170"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1543"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2022.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-014-0595-x"}],"container-title":["Diabetic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dme.15431","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T08:54:48Z","timestamp":1736931288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/dme.15431"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/dme.15431"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dme.15431","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0742-3071","1464-5491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0742-3071","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-5491","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e15431"}}