{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T22:58:08Z","timestamp":1791413888396,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]],"date-time":"2024-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011946","name":"Abbott Diabetes Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011946","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabet Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>This expert consensus reviews the reality of primary care clinical management of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) on non\u2010intensive insulin therapy, with an emphasis on the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technology for effective care in this participant group. Here, we identify key unmet needs for skills and systems development within this frontline healthcare setting, along with major challenges and opportunities associated with managing these changes effectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors participated in two primary care consensus panels held on 28 November 2023 and on 21 May 2024. The focus for these expert panels was to understand the unmet needs within primary care to manage adults with T2D treated with non\u2010intensive insulin therapy and incorporating the use of CGM systems. A Delphi Survey was undertaken among a wider group of Primary Care Diabetes Technology Network members in the United Kingdom, to understand prevalent attitudes to management of adults with T2D on insulin and using CGM in primary care. Based on these activities, a series of consensus statements were tested in a second Delphi Survey.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The activities described, involving primary care healthcare professionals (HCPs) with expertise in diabetes management, identified a series of training and educational needs within UK general practice that are central to skills development for the care of adults with T2D on insulin therapy and the application of CGM technology. Potential barriers to effective primary care management of people with T2D using CGM devices were identified. Areas of concern included confidence in national and local guidelines for the management of T2D using CGM systems, lack of experience on the part both of HCPs and people with T2D, clinical workflows and systems, as well as inbuilt resistance to change among primary care teams. However, the expert group were clear that the goal of providing care for people with T2D on non\u2010intensive insulin therapy using CGM technology as standard of care could be met (94.3%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200933). This will deliver clinical benefits for people with T2D, and improvements to clinical workflows in primary care. Cost\u2010savings to the health service were also identified as an outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The need to adapt to the management of people with T2D on insulin therapy puts significant pressure on current workflows and skills for primary care teams. Steps in overcoming these immediate pressures, to ensure effective clinical management of people with T2D, are discussed, along with a series of consensus statements that identify the key areas of change to manage. Ultimately, the great majority of expert primary care HCPs were confident or very confident that using CGM technology will become the standard of care for people with T2D treated with insulin in primary care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.15500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T06:44:37Z","timestamp":1734331477000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Removing barriers to management of adults with type 2 diabetes on insulin using continuous glucose monitoring in <scp>UK<\/scp> primary care practice: An expert consensus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Samuel","family":"Seidu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands University of Leicester  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorraine","family":"Avery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Solent NHS Trust  Portsmouth UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Old School Surgery  Carrickfergus UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pam","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swansea  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Diggle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College Lane Surgery  Ackworth UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su","family":"Down","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Somerset Partnership NHSFT  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritesh","family":"Dua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wye Valley NHS Trust  Hereford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6401-663X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. George's Medical Practice  Darlington UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Church House Surgery  Ruddington UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Milne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Greater Manchester Diabetes Clinical Network  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Brooklands and Northenden Primary Care Network  Wythenshawe UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thinzar","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singleton Hospital and Neath Port Talbot Hospital Swansea Bay University Health Board  Sketty UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Ridgeway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waqas","family":"Tahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affinity Care Thornton &amp; Denholme Medical Centre  Bradford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Tanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blackpool Victoria Hospital  Blackpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"National Diabetes Audit 2023\u20132024 Quarterly Report January 2023 to March 2024; n.d."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"Scottish Government Cluster Data and Intelligence Report\u2014Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Adults.Scottish General Practitioners Committee Royal College of General Practitioners 12th June 2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).Type 2 diabetes in adults: management. 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