{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T13:56:44Z","timestamp":1776261404114,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,19]],"date-time":"2013-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"\n Aims<\/jats:title>\n \n The effects of sitagliptin and pioglitazone, alone and in combination, on\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010 and \u03b2\u2010cell function were assessed in patients with type 2 diabetes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Following a 6\u2010week diet\/exercise period, 211 patients with\n HbA1c<\/jats:styled-content>\n of 6.5\u20139.0% and fasting plasma glucose of 7.2\u201314.4\u2009mmol\/l were randomized (1\u2009:1\u2009:1\u2009:\u20091) to sitagliptin, pioglitazone, sitagliptin\u2009+\u2009pioglitazone or placebo. At baseline and after 12\u2009weeks, patients were given a mixed meal followed by frequent blood sampling for measurements of glucose, insulin, C\u2010peptide and glucagon.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n After 12\u2009weeks, 5\u2010h glucose total area under the curve (\n AUC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) decreased in all active treatments versus placebo; reduction with sitagliptin\u2009+\u2009pioglitazone was greater versus either monotherapy. The 5\u2010h insulin total\n AUC<\/jats:styled-content>\n increased with sitagliptin versus all other treatments and increased with sitagliptin\u2009+\u2009pioglitazone versus pioglitazone. The 3\u2010h glucagon\n AUC<\/jats:styled-content>\n decreased with sitagliptin versus placebo and decreased with sitagliptin\u2009+\u2009pioglitazone versus pioglitazone or placebo. \u03a6\n s<\/jats:sub>\n , a measure of dynamic \u03b2\u2010cell responsiveness to above\u2010basal glucose concentrations, increased with either monotherapy versus placebo and increased with sitagliptin\u2009+\u2009pioglitazone versus either monotherapy. The insulin sensitivity index (\n ISI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), a composite index of insulin sensitivity, improved with pioglitazone and sitagliptin\u2009+\u2009pioglitazone versus placebo. The disposition index, a measure of the relationship between \u03b2\u2010cell function and insulin sensitivity, improved with all active treatments versus placebo.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Sitagliptin and pioglitazone enhanced \u03b2\u2010cell function (increasing postmeal \u03a6\n s<\/jats:sub>\n ), and sitagliptin improved\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010cell function (decreasing postmeal glucagon) after 12\u2009weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes. Through these complementary mechanisms of action, the combination of sitagliptin and pioglitazone reduced postmeal glucose more than either treatment alone.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,19]],"date-time":"2013-06-19T13:44:42Z","timestamp":1371649482000},"page":"1101-1110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Sitagliptin and pioglitazone provide complementary effects on postprandial glucose and pancreatic islet cell function"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Alba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck & Co., Inc. Whitehouse Station NJ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Ahr\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. 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