{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T00:38:51Z","timestamp":1770511131506,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,5]],"date-time":"2013-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1386201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyse the association between cancer incidence and oral diabetes therapy (biguanide, sulphonylurea, thiazolidinedione and meglitinide) in men and women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis of the electronic health record\u2010based Cleveland Clinic Diabetes Registry (25\u2009613 patients) was cross\u2010indexed with the histology\u2010based tumour registry (48\u2009051 cancer occurrences) over an 8\u2010year period (1998\u20132006). Multiple imputations were used to account for missing data. Cox regression with propensity scores was used to model time for the development of incident cancer in each of the imputed datasets and the results were pooled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During 51\u2009994 person follow\u2010up years, 892 incident cancer cases were identified; prostate (14.5%) and breast (11.7%) malignancies were most frequent. In women, thiazolidinedione use was associated with a 32% decreased cancer risk compared with sulphonylurea use [hazard ratio (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) 0.68; 95% confidence interval (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) 0.48\u20130.97, in the adjusted analysis]. Comparison of insulin secretagogues (sulphonylurea and meglitinide) versus insulin sensitizers (biguanide and thiazolidinedione) demonstrated a 21% decreased cancer risk in insulin sensitizers [\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      0.79 (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      0.64\u20130.98) in the adjusted analysis]. Oral diabetes therapy showed no significant difference in men. Adjustments were made for age, body mass index (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), low\u2010density lipoprotein (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), high\u2010density lipoprotein (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), triglycerides, coronary heart disease (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), diabetes oral monotherapy, race, gender, haemoglobin A1c, statin use, income, insulin use, glomerular filtration rate (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), new diabetes status, prior cancer, prior cerebrovascular accident (stroke or transient ischaemic event), systolic\/diastolic blood pressure, tobacco use (ever\/never) and the propensity score for receiving a biguanide.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral insulin sensitizers, particularly thiazolidinedione, are associated with decreased malignancy risk in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,6]],"date-time":"2013-11-06T22:12:42Z","timestamp":1383775962000},"page":"276-283","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Gender\u2010specific effects of oral hypoglycaemic agents on cancer risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"G. 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