{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T15:55:02Z","timestamp":1769270102832,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]],"date-time":"2017-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004323","name":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004325","name":"AstraZeneca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"\n Aims<\/jats:title>\n \n Examine real\u2010world outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (\n T2DM<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) initiating injectable therapy as part of the Initiation of New Injectable Treatment Introduced after Antidiabetic Therapy with Oral\u2010only Regimens (\n INITIATOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) study.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Linked insurance claims and medical record data were collected from 2 large\n US<\/jats:styled-content>\n health insurers (April 1, 2010 to March 31, 2012) of\n T2DM<\/jats:styled-content>\n adults initiating treatment with glargine (\n GLA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) or liraglutide (\n LIRA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Baseline characteristics were examined and changes in 12\u2010month follow\u2010up outcomes were described for both treatment groups:\n HbA1c<\/jats:styled-content>\n , weight change, hypoglycaemia, persistence, healthcare utilisation and costs.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 4490 patients were included (\n GLA<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 2116;\n LIRA<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 2374). At baseline,\n GLA<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients had significantly higher\n HbA1c<\/jats:styled-content>\n vs\n LIRA<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients (9.72% vs 8.19%;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001), lower likelihood of having\n HbA1c<\/jats:styled-content>\n < 7% (7.1% vs 23.8%;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001), lower bodyweight (100.9 kg vs 110.9 kg,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001), higher Charlson Comorbidity Index score (0.88 vs 0.63;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001), and higher diabetes\u2010related costs ($3492 vs $2089;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001), respectively.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n During 12\u2010months of follow\u2010up, treatment persistence was 64%, mean\n HbA1c<\/jats:styled-content>\n reduction was \u22121.24% and weight change was + 1.17 among\n GLA<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients, and was 49%, \u22120.51% and \u22122.74 kg, respectively, among\n LIRA<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients. Diabetes\u2010related costs increased significantly from baseline to follow\u2010up for\n LIRA<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients ($2089 vs $3258,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001) but not for\n GLA<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients ($3492 vs $3550,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .890).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n There were clinically relevant baseline differences in both groups, suggesting that\n GLA<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n LIRA<\/jats:styled-content>\n are prescribed for different patient groups, and highlighting that efficacy results from clinical trials do not always translate into real\u2010world practice. Significant increases in healthcare costs were observed in the\n LIRA<\/jats:styled-content>\n group, warranting further cost\u2010effectiveness analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,17]],"date-time":"2016-11-17T01:26:25Z","timestamp":1479345985000},"page":"375-386","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["A real\u2010world study of treatment patterns and outcomes in\n US<\/scp>\n managed\u2010care patients with type 2 Diabetes initiating injectable therapies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Wenhui","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanofi US, Inc. 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Wilmington Delaware"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monterey Endocrine & Diabetes Institute Monterey California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip A.","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MODEL Clinical Research Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07037-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-2441"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/EP15693.CS"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.11.2673"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1184"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990802278644"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193229681100500633"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806470"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"S5","article-title":"Quality measure attainment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"20","author":"Lafeuille MH","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-124-1_Part_2-199601011-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2009.0180"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2006.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2007.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.81.1.327"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.38.7.902","article-title":"Glucagonostatic and insulinotropic action of glucagonlike peptide I\u2010(7\u201336)\u2010amide","volume":"38","author":"Komatsu R","year":"1989","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603827"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70214-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d7771"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-10-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001986"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-1395"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g2780"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g2366"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12406"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-009-1472-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2010.0666"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-013-0074-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","first-page":"721","article-title":"Validating the adapted diabetes complications severity index in claims data","volume":"18","author":"Chang HY","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1062860606288243"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2010.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6823-8-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","unstructured":"NGSP.Harmonizing hemoglobin A1c testing. 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