{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T11:00:22Z","timestamp":1784718022369,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,25]],"date-time":"2017-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005407","name":"Food and Health Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence\u2010based cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk prediction models and tools specific for Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are currently unavailable. This study aimed to develop and validate a CVD risk prediction model for Chinese T2DM patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 137\u2009935 Chinese patients aged 18 to 79\u2009years with T2DM and without prior history of CVD, who had received public primary care services between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2010. Using the derivation cohort over a median follow\u2010up of 5\u2009years, the interaction effect between predictors and age were derived using Cox proportional hazards regression with a forward stepwise approach. Harrell's C statistic and calibration plot were used on the validation cohort to assess the discrimination and calibration of the models. The web calculator and chart were developed based on the developed models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For both genders, predictors for higher risk of CVD were older age, smoking, longer diabetes duration, usage of anti\u2010hypertensive drug and insulin, higher body mass index, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, a total cholesterol to high\u2010density lipoprotein\u2010cholesterol (TC\/HDL\u2010C) ratio and urine albumin to creatinine ratio, and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate. Interaction factors with age demonstrated a greater weighting of TC\/HDL\u2010C ratio in both younger females and males, and smoking status and HbA1c in younger males.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The developed models, translated into a web calculator and color\u2010coded chart, served as evidence\u2010based visual aids that facilitate clinicians to estimate quickly the 5\u2010year CVD risk for Chinese T2DM patients and to guide intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,19]],"date-time":"2017-07-19T07:51:50Z","timestamp":1500450710000},"page":"309-318","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Development of a cardiovascular diseases risk prediction model and tools for\n                    <scp>C<\/scp>\n                    hinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus:\n                    <scp>A<\/scp>\n                    population\u2010based retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6275-1147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric Yuk Fai","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care The University of Hong Kong  Ap Lei Chau Hong Kong"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Nursing The University of Hong Kong  Ap Lei Chau Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Yee Tak","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Nursing The University of Hong Kong  Ap Lei Chau Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colman Siu Cheung","family":"Fung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care The University of Hong Kong  Ap Lei Chau Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther Yee Tak","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care The University of Hong Kong  Ap Lei Chau Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weng Yee","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care The University of Hong Kong  Ap Lei Chau Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anca Ka Chun","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care The University of Hong Kong  Ap Lei Chau Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindy Lo Kuen","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care The University of Hong Kong  Ap Lei Chau Hong 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