{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T07:30:54Z","timestamp":1790839854781,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]],"date-time":"2018-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001729","name":"Stiftelsen f\u00f6r\u00a0Strategisk Forskning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001729","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004063","name":"Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004063","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The metabolic state of human adults is associated with their gut microbiome. The symbiosis between host and microbiome is initiated at birth, and early life microbiome perturbation can disturb health throughout life. Here, we determined how beneficial microbiome interventions in early life affect metabolic health in adulthood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Postnatal diets were supplemented with either prebiotics (scGOS\/lcFOS) or synbiotics (scGOS\/lcFOS with\n                      <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium breve<\/jats:italic>\n                      M\u201016\u2009V) until post\u2010natal (PN) day 42 in a well\u2010established rodent model for nutritional programming. Mice were subsequently challenged with a high\u2010fat Western\u2010style diet (WSD) for 8 weeks. Body weight and composition were monitored, as was gut microbiota composition at PN21, 42 and 98. Markers of glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism and host transcriptomics of 6 target tissues were determined in adulthood (PN98).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Early life synbiotics protected mice against WSD\u2010induced excessive fat accumulation throughout life, replicable in 2 independent European animal facilities. Adult insulin sensitivity and dyslipidaemia were improved and most pronounced changes in gene expression were observed in the ileum. We observed subtle changes in faecal microbiota composition, both in early life and in adulthood, including increased abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Microbiota transplantation using samples collected from synbiotics\u2010supplemented adolescent mice at PN42 to age\u2010matched germ\u2010free recipients did not transfer the beneficial phenotype, indicating that synbiotics\u2010modified microbiota at PN42 is not sufficient to transfer long\u2010lasting protection of metabolic health status.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Together, these findings show the potential and importance of timing of synbiotic interventions in early life during crucial microbiota development as a preventive measure to lower the risk of obesity and improve metabolic health throughout life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T14:17:42Z","timestamp":1519222662000},"page":"1408-1418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Specific synbiotics in early life protect against diet\u2010induced obesity in adult mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6260-5740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona","family":"Mischke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutricia Research  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tulika","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Tims","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutricia Research  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eefje","family":"Engels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutricia Research  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Sommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kees","family":"van Limpt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutricia Research  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemarie","family":"Baars","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutricia Research  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raish","family":"Oozeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutricia Research  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemarie","family":"Oosting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutricia Research  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"B\u00e4ckhed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Knol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutricia Research  Utrecht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology Wageningen University  Wageningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"WHO.Obesity and overweight fact sheet. 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