{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:31:05Z","timestamp":1790188265812,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,14]],"date-time":"2018-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017023478"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017023478"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10Z20130012243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10Z20130012243"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptors (PPARs)\u03b1\/\u03b3 dual agonists can be beneficial for treatment of dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes, their use is limited owing to various side effects, including body weight gain, edema, and heart failure. We aimed to demonstrate that amodiaquine, an antimalarial agent, has potential as a PPAR\u03b1\/\u03b3 dual agonist with low risk of adverse effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We screened a Prestwick library (Prestwick Chemical; Illkirch, France) to identify novel PPAR\u03b1\/\u03b3 dual agonists and selected amodiaquine (4\u2010[(7\u2010chloroquinolin\u20104\u2010yl)amino]\u20102\u2010[(diethylamino)methyl]phenol), which activated both PPAR\u2010\u03b1 &amp; \u2010\u03b3, for further investigation. We performed both in vitro, including glucose uptake assay and fatty acid oxidation assay, and in vivo studies to elucidate the anti\u2010diabetic and anti\u2010obesity effects of amodiaquine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Amodiaquine selectively activated the transcriptional activities of PPAR\u03b1\/\u03b3 and enhanced both fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake without altering insulin secretion in vitro. In high\u2010fat diet\u2010induced obese and genetically modified obese\/diabetic mice, amodiaquine not only remarkably ameliorated insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver but also decreased body weight gain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that amodiaquine exerts beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism by concurrent activation of PPAR\u03b1\/\u03b3. Furthermore, amodiaquine acts as an alternative insulin\u2010sensitizing agent with a positive influence on lipid metabolism and has potential to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes while reducing the risk of lipid abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,8]],"date-time":"2018-03-08T03:42:37Z","timestamp":1520480557000},"page":"1688-1701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Amodiaquine improves insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in diabetic model mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1802-5428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hoe\u2010Yune","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  Pohang Republic of Korea"},{"name":"R&amp;D Center, NovMetaPharma Co., Ltd.  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