{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T13:16:46Z","timestamp":1789996606091,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]],"date-time":"2018-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We conducted a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials to assess the effect of glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists (GLP\u20101 RAs) on microvascular endpoints in adult patients with type 2 diabetes. We included 60 studies with 60\u2009077 patients. GLP\u20101 RAs marginally reduced urinary albumin\u2010to\u2010creatinine ratio compared with placebo or other antidiabetic agents (weighted mean difference\u2009\u2212\u20092.55\u2009mg\/g; 95% confidence interval [CI] \u22124.37 to \u22120.73 and \u22125.52; \u221210.89 to \u22120.16, respectively) and had no clinically relevant effect on change in estimated glomerular filtration rate. Treatment with GLP\u20101 RAs did not increase incidence of diabetic retinopathy, macular oedema, retinal detachment and retinal haemorrhage, irrespective of comparator. Nevertheless, incidence of vitreous haemorrhage was higher in subjects treated with GLP\u20101 RAs compared with placebo (odds ratios 1.93; 95% CI 1.09 to 3.42). In conclusion, GLP\u20101 RAs are safe regarding nephropathy\u2010 and retinopathy\u2010related outcomes. Caution may be warranted for incidence of vitreous haemorrhage. The low overall quality of evidence highlights the need for consistent assessment and reporting of microvascular endpoints in future trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,30]],"date-time":"2018-07-30T00:48:43Z","timestamp":1532911723000},"page":"188-193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists and microvascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2232-1342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Avgerinos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research and Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Unit, Second Medical Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki  Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5242-0574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Karagiannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research and Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Unit, Second Medical Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki  Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5134-2401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Malandris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research and Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Unit, Second Medical Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki  Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3261-2979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aris","family":"Liakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research and Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Unit, Second Medical Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki  Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5775-2241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Mainou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research and Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Unit, Second Medical Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki  Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9975-3835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleni","family":"Bekiari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research and Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Unit, Second Medical Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki  Thessaloniki Greece"},{"name":"Diabetes Centre, Second Medical Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki  Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9028-2328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David R.","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Churchill Hospital  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Harris Manchester College University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0221-4072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Apostolos","family":"Tsapas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research and Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Unit, Second Medical Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki  Thessaloniki Greece"},{"name":"Diabetes Centre, Second Medical Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki  Thessaloniki Greece"},{"name":"Harris Manchester College University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12119"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"S79","article-title":"Nephropathy in diabetes","volume":"27","author":"Molitch ME","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.3.617"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1612917"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603827"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607141"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"GlaxoSmithKline.TANZEUM (albiglutide) Discontinuation \u2014 Q&A.https:\/\/www.tanzeum.com\/pdfs\/consumer-faq.pdf. 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