{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T23:45:09Z","timestamp":1768779909779,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001003","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the management of patients with diabetes and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in the United States and Asia to understand variations in treatment patterns across different healthcare systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our cohort included patients with diabetes and HFrEF (ejection fraction &lt;40%) from a US\u2010based registry of adults with diabetes (2013\u20102016, electronic health records) and a multi\u2010national Asian registry of adults with heart failure (2010\u20102016, prospective registry). Asian countries were categorized as high income (HI) or low income (LI), according to the United Nations classification. Rates of use of guideline\u2010directed medical therapies (determined through review of active medication lists) were compared across regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with diabetes and HFrEF in the United States (n = 28 877) were older, had higher body mass indices, and were more likely to have coronary disease than those in Asia (n = 2235). Compared with US patients, the use of guideline\u2010directed medical therapy for HFrEF was lower in patients in LI Asian countries (angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors\/angiotensin II receptor blockers: patients in the United States, 77% vs. patients in HI Asian countries, 76% vs patients in LI Asian countries, 69%; \u03b2\u2010blockers: patients in the United States, 91% vs. patients in HI Asian countries, 87% vs. patients in LI Asian countries, 69%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001 for both). Insulin was used more commonly in the United States (44% vs. 24% vs. 25%, respectively;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), whereas sulphonylureas were more often prescribed in Asian countries (42% vs. 52% vs. 54%; respectively,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Thiazolidinediones were prescribed in 6% of US patients compared with &lt;1% of patients in Asia. The use of newer diabetes medications was &lt;5% in all.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In both the United States and Asia, opportunities for improvement in the use of evidence\u2010based therapies exist for patients with both diabetes and HFrEF. Effective tools to guide medication choices for these complex, high\u2010risk patients could have substantial impact on quality and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,23]],"date-time":"2018-08-23T03:53:23Z","timestamp":1534996403000},"page":"261-266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Management of patients with diabetes and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: An international comparison"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3367-0302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne V.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri\u2010Kansas City  Kansas City Missouri"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Yap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart Centre Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolyn S.P.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart Centre Singapore  Singapore"},{"name":"Duke\u2010NUS Medical School  Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology University Medical Centre Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengming","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri\u2010Kansas City  Kansas City Missouri"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wan T.","family":"Tay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart Centre Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiew H.K.","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart Centre Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darren K.","family":"McGuire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James L.","family":"Januzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregg C.","family":"Fonarow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles  California Los Angeles"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederick A.","family":"Masoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus  Aurora Colorado"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3750-9789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikhail","family":"Kosiborod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri\u2010Kansas City  Kansas City Missouri"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.480"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014796"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs153"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv728"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61514-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa072761"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39314.620174.80"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504720"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.000162"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-0585"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft045"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2011.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2018.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002638"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.10.2345"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000154542.13412.B1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.1.256"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-S003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.001730"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61240-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2012.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000437738.63853.7a"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i610"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1506115"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.003957"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029190"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611925"}],"container-title":["Diabetes, 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