{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T20:15:50Z","timestamp":1783455350366,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the safety of linagliptin versus other glucose\u2010lowering medications in a multi\u2010year monitoring programme using insurance claims data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In two commercial US claims databases, we identified three pairwise 1:1 propensity\u2010score (PS)\u2010matched cohorts of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) aged \u226518\u2009years initiating linagliptin or a comparator (other dipeptidyl peptidase\u20104 [DPP\u20104] inhibitors [n\u2009=\u200931 492 pairs], pioglitazone [n\u2009=\u200923 316 pairs], or second\u2010generation sulphonylureas [n\u2009=\u200919 731 pairs]) between May 2011 and December 2015. The primary endpoint was the risk of a composite cardiovascular (CV) outcome (hospitalization for myocardial infarction, stroke, unstable angina, or coronary revascularization). We estimated pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), controlling for &gt;100 baseline characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient characteristics were well balanced after PS\u2010matching. The mean age was 55\u2009years and mean follow\u2010up was 0.8 years. Linagliptin conferred a similar risk of the composite CV outcome compared to other DPP\u20104 inhibitors (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.79\u20101.05) and pioglitazone (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.84\u20101.15), and showed a reduced risk of CV outcomes compared to second\u2010generation sulphonylureas (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64\u2010\u20100.92). Key findings were signalled at the first interim analysis in June 2013 and solidified during ongoing monitoring until 2015.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Analyses from a large monitoring programme in routine care of patients with T2D, showed that linagliptin had similar CV safety compared to other DPP\u20104 inhibitors and pioglitazone, and a reduced CV risk compared to sulphonylureas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]],"date-time":"2019-04-03T00:43:51Z","timestamp":1554252231000},"page":"1824-1836","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cardiovascular safety of linagliptin compared with other oral glucose\u2010lowering agents in patients with type 2 diabetes: A sequential monitoring programme in routine care"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8809-9898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Patorno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2424-2453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chandrasekar","family":"Gopalakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly G.","family":"Brodovicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Epidemiology Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc (U.S)  Ingelheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Meyers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Epidemiology Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc (U.S)  Ingelheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorothee B.","family":"Bartels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Medical School Institute for Epidemiology, Social Medicine and Health Systems Research  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"BI X, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH  Ingelheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kulldorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Schneeweiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2007.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2012.01565.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-12-60"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-015-0215-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"U.S.F.D.A.TRADJENTA (linagliptin). Highlights of prescribing information.2011;https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2011\/201280lbl.pdf. Accessed March 22 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1307684"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1305889"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1501352"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-018-0682-3","article-title":"Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of the CArdiovascular safety and Renal Microvascular outcomE study with LINAgliptin (CARMELINA\u00ae): a randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled clinical trial in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardio\u2010renal risk","volume":"17","author":"Rosenstock J","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164115570301"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.18269"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1926"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.316"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-0476"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3908"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1509"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119959946.ch13"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg231"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13184"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1924"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000032240.28636.BD"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2313"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-127-8_Part_2-199710151-00064"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3263"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pst.433"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3697"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1972.tb00899.x","article-title":"Regression models and life tables","volume":"34","author":"Cox DR","year":"1972","journal-title":"J R STAT SOC B."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780140206"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3364-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181a663cc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4407"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.003957"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-017-0655-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-016-0187-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-1943"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2011.369"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.008034"}],"container-title":["Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fdom.13735","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dom.13735","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/dom.13735","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dom-pubs.pericles-prod.literatumonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dom.13735","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T05:58:38Z","timestamp":1761890318000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dom-pubs.pericles-prod.literatumonline.com\/doi\/10.1111\/dom.13735"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/dom.13735"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dom.13735","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-8902","1463-1326"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-8902","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-1326","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-01-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-05-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}