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The aim of this narrative review is to describe the associations between NAFLD and cardiovascular disease (CVD), arrhythmias, cardiac conduction defects, myocardial remodelling and heart failure. We also discuss the potential mechanisms that mediate or attenuate the strength of these associations, and briefly summarize the effect of treatments that both ameliorate NAFLD and decrease risk of CVD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Searches of PubMed were performed by the two authors using the terms listed in Appendix. We limited the timeframe to the last decade due to the vast amount of research in the field (up to April 2021) for meta\u2010analyses, reviews and original papers. Only articles published in English were considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of fatal\/non\u2010fatal CVD events and other cardiac and arrhythmic complications (left ventricular hypertrophy, aortic\u2010valve sclerosis and certain arrhythmias), independently of common CVD risk factors. There are probably several underlying mechanisms, including hepatic\/systemic insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, hypertension and pro\u2010atherogenic, pro\u2010coagulant and pro\u2010inflammatory mediators released from the steatotic\/inflamed liver that may be involved. Some genetic polymorphisms, such as\n                      <jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic>\n                      (rs738409 C&gt;G) and\n                      <jats:italic>TM6SF2<\/jats:italic>\n                      (rs58542926 C&gt;T), may worsen the liver disease, but also attenuate the strength of the association between NAFLD and CVD, possibly via their effects on lipoprotein metabolism. Of the currently tested drugs for treating NAFLD that also benefit the vasculature, pioglitazone and GLP\u20101 receptor agonists are the most promising.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The complex interplay between the liver and cardiometabolic risk factors contributes to CVD, arrhythmias and cardiac disease in NAFLD. There is an urgent need for a multidisciplinary approach to manage both liver disease and cardiometabolic risk, and to test the cardiovascular and cardiac effects of new drugs for NAFLD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T10:44:10Z","timestamp":1627555450000},"page":"28-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease\u2010related risk of cardiovascular disease and other cardiac complications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6322-7753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher D.","family":"Byrne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton  Southampton UK"},{"name":"Southampton National Institute for Health Research 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