{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:03:37Z","timestamp":1792065817007,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK069575"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK069575"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK122332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK122332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To establish if alpha\u20107 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (\u03b17nAChR) agonist GTS\u201021 exerts a blood glucose\u2010lowering action in db\/db mice, and to test if this action requires coordinate \u03b17nAChR and GLP\u20101 receptor (GLP\u20101R) stimulation by GTS\u201021 and endogenous GLP\u20101, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood glucose levels were measured during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using db\/db mice administered intraperitoneal GTS\u201021. Plasma GLP\u20101, peptide tyrosine tyrosine 1\u201036\u00a0(PYY1\u201036), glucose\u2010dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), glucagon, and insulin levels were measured by ELISA. A GLP\u20101R\u2013mediated action of GTS\u201021 that is secondary to \u03b17nAChR stimulation was evaluated using \u03b17nAChR and GLP\u20101R knockout (KO) mice, or by co\u2010administration of GTS\u201021 with the dipeptidyl peptidase\u20104 inhibitor, sitagliptin, or the GLP\u20101R antagonist, exendin (9\u201039). Insulin sensitivity was assessed in an insulin tolerance test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single or multiple dose GTS\u201021 (0.5\u20108.0\u00a0mg\/kg) acted in a dose\u2010dependent manner to lower levels of blood glucose in the OGTT using 10\u201014\u2009week\u2010old male and female db\/db mice. This action of GTS\u201021 was reproduced by the \u03b17nAChR agonist, PNU\u2010282987, was enhanced by sitagliptin, was counteracted by exendin (9\u201039), and was absent in \u03b17nAChR and GLP\u20101R KO mice. Plasma GLP\u20101, PYY1\u201036, GIP, glucagon, and insulin levels increased in response to GTS\u201021, but insulin sensitivity, body weight, and food intake were unchanged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u03b17nAChR agonists improve oral glucose tolerance in db\/db mice. This action is contingent to coordinate \u03b17nAChR and GLP\u20101R stimulation. Thus \u03b17nAChR agonists administered in combination with sitagliptin might serve as a new treatment for type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T07:22:05Z","timestamp":1647415325000},"page":"1255-1266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The alpha\u20107 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist\n                    <scp>GTS<\/scp>\n                    \u201021 engages the glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 incretin hormone axis to lower levels of blood glucose in db\/db mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Qinghe","family":"Meng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University  Syracuse New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleg 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