{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T03:45:39Z","timestamp":1788407139849,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the prevalence and prognosis of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in post\u2010acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients presenting with AMI to a tertiary hospital were examined from 2014 to 2021. Hepatic steatosis and advanced hepatic fibrosis were determined using the Hepatic Steatosis Index and fibrosis\u20104 index, respectively. The primary outcome was all\u2010cause mortality. Cox regression models identified determinants of mortality after adjustments and Kaplan\u2013Meier curves were constructed for all\u2010cause mortality, stratified by hepatic steatosis and advanced fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 5765 patients included, 24.8% had hepatic steatosis, of whom 41.7% were diagnosed with advanced fibrosis. The median follow\u2010up duration was 2.7\u2009years. Patients with hepatic steatosis tended to be younger, female, with elevated body mass index and an increased metabolic burden of diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia. Patients with hepatic steatosis (24.6% vs. 20.9% mortality,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u2009.001) and advanced fibrosis (45.6% vs. 32.9% mortality,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u2009.001) had higher all\u2010cause mortality rates compared with their respective counterparts. Hepatic steatosis (adjusted hazard ratio 1.364, 95% CI 1.145\u20101.625,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u2009.001) was associated with all\u2010cause mortality after adjustment for confounders. Survival curves showed excess mortality in patients with hepatic steatosis compared with those without (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u2009.002).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hepatic steatosis and advanced fibrosis have a substantial prevalence among patients with AMI. Both are associated with mortality, with an incrementally higher risk when advanced fibrosis ensues. Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis could help risk stratification of AMI patients beyond conventional risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T07:04:19Z","timestamp":1671692659000},"page":"1032-1044","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Hepatic steatosis and advanced hepatic fibrosis are independent predictors of long\u2010term mortality in acute myocardial infarction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"YipHan","family":"Chin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieyu","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwyneth","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng Han","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9724-4743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Muthiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine National University Hospital  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"National University Centre for Organ Transplantation National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anurag","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine VCU Health Pauley Heart Center  Richmond, Virginia Richmond USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaoxing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai En","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kian Keong","family":"Poh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Foo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiong\u2010Cheng","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian F.","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi Hang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huay Cheem","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark Yan\u2010Yee","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A Mark","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Christchurch Heart Institute University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poay\u2010Huan","family":"Loh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Ng Teng Fong General Hospital  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0640-0430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas W. S.","family":"Chew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology National University Heart Centre, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32203-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-022-10319-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101685"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(22)00317-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i7.1724"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2022.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2019.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14322"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29085"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27368"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac321"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.11.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","article-title":"A meta\u2010analysis on associated risk of mortality in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","author":"Fu CE","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocr Pract."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14820"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.11.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-022-01027-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ChewN NgCH TruongE NoureddinM KowdleyK.Non\u2010Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Drug Development Pipeline: an Update. Paper presented at: Seminars in Liver Disease 2022.","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1877-9656"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2022.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2022.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.869168"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-021-02557-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-20-0800"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(22)02065-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2009.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2009.05.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","unstructured":"Health Promotion Board.Obesity. HPB\u2010MOH Clinical Practice Guidelines2016;https:\/\/www.moh.gov.sg\/docs\/librariesprovider4\/guidelines\/obesity-cpg_summary.pdf. Accessed April 10 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.08.1038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2022.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00272-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.013296"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/hj.1999.v137.95352"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw128"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-022-02704-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2022.09.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","first-page":"328","article-title":"The diagnostic and management of NAFLD: practice guidance from AASLD","volume":"67","author":"Chasalani N","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.119.316337"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-313884"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28390"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-020-10094-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-317666"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.971484"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcac060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2022.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000532"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2022.0096"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2021.0406"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2021.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15589"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-022-02078-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.005784"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH16-11-0857"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01202.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22076-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-008-1135-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23453"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2022.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13822"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13520"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14650"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14670"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907929"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.13.1561"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metop.2020.100028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2022.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32315"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-015-1050-7"}],"container-title":["Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dom.14950","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/dom.14950","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dom-pubs.pericles-prod.literatumonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dom.14950","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T01:47:16Z","timestamp":1761875236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dom-pubs.pericles-prod.literatumonline.com\/doi\/10.1111\/dom.14950"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/dom.14950"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dom.14950","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-8902","1463-1326"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-8902","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-1326","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}