{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:58:39Z","timestamp":1791824319546,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Insulin action in the brain influences cognitive processes, peripheral metabolism and eating behaviour. However, the influence of age and peripheral insulin sensitivity on brain insulin action remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We used intranasal administration of insulin and functional magnetic resonance imaging in a randomized, placebo\u2010controlled within\u2010subject design in 110 participants (54 women, body mass index 18\u201049\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , age 21\u201074\u2009years). Cerebral blood flow was measured before and after nasal spray application to assess brain insulin action. Peripheral insulin sensitivity was assessed by a five\u2010point oral glucose tolerance test. Linear regressions were used to investigate associations between age and peripheral insulin sensitivity with brain insulin action in predefined region of interests (i.e. insulin\u2010sensitive brain regions).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We found significant negative associations between age and insulin action in the hippocampus (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u20130.215;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.017) and caudate nucleus (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u20130.184;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.047); and between peripheral insulin sensitivity and insulin action in the amygdala (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u20130.190,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.023). Insulin action in the insular cortex showed an interaction effect between age and peripheral insulin sensitivity (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u20130.219\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.005). Furthermore, women showed the strongest negative association between age and hippocampal insulin action, while men showed the strongest associations with peripheral insulin sensitivity and age in reward\u2010related brain regions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We could show a region\u2010specific relationship between brain insulin responsiveness, age and peripheral insulin sensitivity. Our findings underline the need to study brain insulin action in both men and women and further substantiate that brain insulin sensitivity is a possible link between systemic metabolism and neurocognitive functions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T23:45:31Z","timestamp":1681343131000},"page":"2171-2180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Brain insulin responsiveness is linked to age and peripheral insulin sensitivity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8868-9281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lore","family":"Wagner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of T\u00fcbingen  T\u00fcbingen Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.)  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