{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T14:42:08Z","timestamp":1790347328149,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine associations between weight loss\/gain and risk of developing 13 obesity\u2010related complications (ORCs), stratified by baseline body mass index (BMI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this retrospective cohort study, we included adults with obesity (&gt;30\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD database with weight change (\u221250% to +50%) between Years 1 and 4 (N\u2009=\u2009418\u2009774 [median follow\u2010up: 7\u2009years]). Associations between weight change, baseline BMI and risk of developing ORCs during follow\u2010up were assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The impact of weight change on ORCs was generally dependent on baseline BMI. Four clear patterns were seen across the 13 outcomes. Pattern 1 showed greatest weight loss benefit for people with low baseline BMI (type 2 diabetes, sleep apnoea, hypertension and dyslipidaemia); Pattern 2 showed most weight loss benefit at lower baseline BMI but no significant weight loss effect at higher baseline BMI (asthma, hip\/knee osteoarthritis and polycystic ovary syndrome); Pattern 3 showed benefit in most cardiovascular diseases with weight loss (chronic kidney disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism), but no additional benefit with &gt;10% weight loss; Pattern 4 showed no clear relationship between weight change and unstable angina\/myocardial infarction and depression. We found similar but opposite patterns for weight gain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Weight loss benefit is dependent on weight loss magnitude and initial BMI, and weight gain is associated with a similar risk increase. Four patterns of association were identified between degree of weight change, baseline BMI and 13 ORCs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T12:43:31Z","timestamp":1686141811000},"page":"2669-2679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Weight change and risk of obesity\u2010related complications: A retrospective population\u2010based cohort study of a\n                    <scp>UK<\/scp>\n                    primary care database"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2343-7099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamlesh Khunti F.","family":"MedSci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Research Centre University of Leicester  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8632-0923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volker","family":"Schnecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk A\/S  S\u00f8borg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9992-3571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christiane Lundegaard","family":"Haase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk A\/S  S\u00f8borg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8651-5544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina M.","family":"Harder\u2010Lauridsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk A\/S  S\u00f8borg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveen","family":"Rathor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk A\/S  S\u00f8borg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kasper","family":"Sommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk A\/S  S\u00f8borg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4121-2259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camilla S.","family":"Morgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk A\/S  S\u00f8borg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Tenfold increase in childhood and adolescent obesity in four decades: new study by Imperial College London and WHO.2017;https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/11-10-2017-tenfold-increase-in-childhood-and-adolescent-obesity-in-four-decades-new-study-by-imperial-college-london-and-who. 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Obesity: guidance on the prevention identification assessment and management of overweight and obesity in adults and children.2006;https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/cg189\/evidence\/obesity-update-appendix-p-pdf-6960327450. Accessed December 2 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency.Guideline on clinical evaluation of medicinal products used in weight management (EMA\/CHMP\/311805\/2014).2016;https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/scientific\u2010guideline\/guideline\u2010clinical\u2010evaluation\u2010medicinal\u2010products\u2010used\u2010weight\u2010management\u2010revision\u20101_en.pdf. 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