{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:43:56Z","timestamp":1792597436147,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Aims<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the sex\u2010specific associations between predicted skeletal muscle mass index (pSMI) and incident type 2 diabetes in a retrospective longitudinal cohort of Chinese men and women.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n We enrolled Chinese adults without diabetes at baseline from WATCH (West chinA adulT health CoHort), a large health check\u2010up\u2010based database. We calculated pSMI to estimate skeletal muscular mass, and measured blood glucose variables and assessed self\u2010reported history to identify new\u2010onset diabetes. The nonlinear association between pSMI and incident type 2 diabetes was modelled using the penalized spline method. The piecewise association was estimated using segmented linear splines in weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Of 47\u2009885 adults (53.2% women) with a median age of 40\u2009years, 1836 developed type 2 diabetes after a 5\u2010year median follow\u2010up. In women, higher pSMI was associated with a lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n nonlinearity<\/jats:sub>\n \u2009=\u20090.09, hazard ratio [HR] per standard deviation increment in pSMI: 0.79 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.68, 0.91]). A nonlinear association of pSMI with incident type 2 diabetes was detected in men (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n nonlinearity<\/jats:sub>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). In men with pSMI lower than 8.1, higher pSMI was associated with a lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes (HR 0.58 [95% CI 0.40, 0.84]), whereas pSMI was not significantly associated with incident diabetes in men with pSMI equal to or greater than 8.1 (HR 1.08 [95% CI 0.93, 1.25]).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n In females, a larger muscular mass is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. For males, this association is significant only\u00a0among those with diminished muscle mass.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T20:10:24Z","timestamp":1700856624000},"page":"820-828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Sex\u2010specific associations between skeletal muscle mass and incident diabetes: A population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 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