{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T11:17:09Z","timestamp":1789643829243,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n To quantify the future risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in women with gestational diabetes (GD) based on baseline metabolic characteristics and the number of abnormal values during a 3\u2010hour 100\u2010g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n We conducted a population\u2010based retrospective cohort study of 10\u2009023 pregnant women who underwent testing for GD in a large health maintenance organization in Israel using a 100\u2010g OGTT. Glucose values were obtained at four time points, 0, 60, 120 and 180\u2009minutes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n We identified 9939 women who met the study criteria. Median follow\u2010up was 3.25 (interquartile range 1.5\u20105.1; maximum 10.1) years. Using women without GD as reference, women with GD were at an increased risk of future T2D (hazard ratio [HR] 5.33 [95% confidence interval {CI} 3.86\u20107.34]). This risk increased with a greater number of abnormal OGTT values, with the highest risk seen in women with four abnormal values (HR 16.67 [95% CI 7.94\u201035.01]). In a multivariate model, a higher number of abnormal values, Arab ethnicity, higher body mass index, triglycerides and prepregnancy glucose were significantly associated with increased risk. Future T2D risk was also affected by the type of OGTT abnormality; an abnormal fasting value had the greatest risk, whereas an abnormal 3\u2010hour value had the lowest risk (HR 3.61 [95% CI 2.42\u20105.38] vs. 1.50 [95% CI 0.93\u20102.43], respectively).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n GD is\u00a0a heterogenous disease, with varying degrees of glucose intolerance and subsequent T2D risk. Targeting interventions to women\u00a0at the highest risk may help to improve postpartum adherence and effective long\u2010term follow\u2010up strategies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T04:28:38Z","timestamp":1702960118000},"page":"1050-1056","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Future diabetes risk can be predicted by the number of abnormal oral glucose tolerance test values during pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Noa","family":"Tsur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rena","family":"Pollack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hadassah Medical Centre Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"The Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meir","family":"Frankel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Centre Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clalit Health Services Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8573-4705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anat","family":"Tsur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clalit Health Services Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90358-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-009-1621-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.080012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60731-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnac003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas","author":"International Diabetes Federation","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000585"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"S17","article-title":"Standards of medical Care in Diabetes\u20142022","volume":"45","author":"2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2017.6477"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.54765"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-017-0948-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181ae8d85"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"S19","article-title":"Screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Vol. 66, JPMA","volume":"66","author":"Gupta Y","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1361"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-0659"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-9920"}],"container-title":["Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dom-pubs.pericles-prod.literatumonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dom.15406","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T23:22:59Z","timestamp":1761866579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dom-pubs.pericles-prod.literatumonline.com\/doi\/10.1111\/dom.15406"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/dom.15406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dom.15406","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15406\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15406\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15406\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15406\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15406\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15406\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15406\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1462-8902","1463-1326"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-8902","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-1326","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}