{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T13:10:35Z","timestamp":1788441035043,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004324","name":"Astellas Pharma US","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004324","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We assessed the effectiveness of sodium\u2010glucose co\u2010transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) in reducing the administration frequency of anti\u2010vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents in patients with diabetic macular oedema (DMO) using a health insurance claims database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study analysed health insurance claims data covering 11 million Japanese patients between 2005 and 2019. We analysed the frequency and duration of intravitreal injection of anti\u2010VEGF agents after initiating SGLT2is or other antidiabetic drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 2412 matched patients with DMO, the incidence rates of anti\u2010VEGF agent injections were 230.1 per 1000 person\u2010year in SGLT2i users and 228.4 times per 1000 person\u2010year in non\u2010users, respectively, and the risk ratio for events was unchanged in both groups. Sub\u2010analysis of each baseline characteristic of the patients showed that SGLT2is were particularly effective in patients with a history of anti\u2010VEGF agent use [\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.027, hazard ratio (HR): 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22\u20100.91]. SGLT2is reduced the risk for the first (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.023, HR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.22\u20100.91) and second (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.021, HR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.17\u20100.89) anti\u2010VEGF agent injections.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no difference in the risk ratio for the addition of anti\u2010VEGF therapy between the two treatment groups. However, the use of SGLT2is reduced the frequency of anti\u2010VEGF agent administration in patients with DMO requiring anti\u2010VEGF therapy. Therefore, SGLT2i therapy may be a novel, non\u2010invasive, low\u2010cost adjunctive therapy for DMO requiring anti\u2010VEGF therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T04:09:11Z","timestamp":1705637351000},"page":"1510-1518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Sodium\u2010glucose co\u2010transporter 2 inhibitor therapy reduces the administration frequency of anti\u2010vascular endothelial growth factor agents in patients with diabetic macular oedema with a history of anti\u2010vascular endothelial growth factor agent use: A cohort study using the Japanese health insurance claims database"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2535-5396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryoichi","family":"Ishibashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Kimitsu Chuo Hospital  Kisarazu Japan"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hematology, and Gerontology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8659-2873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yosuke","family":"Inaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center Chiba University Hospital  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7374-9993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaya","family":"Koshizaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hematology, and Gerontology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"},{"name":"Center for Preventive Medical Sciences Chiba University  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoko","family":"Takatsuna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Chiba Rosai Hospital  Ichihara Japan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoaki","family":"Tatsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Shiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center Chiba University Hospital  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Kashiwagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence Medicine Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiro","family":"Maezawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hematology, and Gerontology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Kawasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center Chiba University Hospital  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiryo","family":"Kawakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence Medicine Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuichi","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3033-4813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koutaro","family":"Yokote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hematology, and Gerontology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"583","article-title":"Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. 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